Editing Bolesław III Wrymouth (section)

===Situation of Poland during the 1080s===
In 1086 the coronation of [[Vratislaus II of Bohemia|Vratislav II]] as King of [[Bohemia]], and his alignment with [[Ladislaus I of Hungary|László I]], King of [[Hungary]], threatened the position of the Polish ruler, duke [[Władysław I Herman]].<ref name="Balzer, p. 108">O. Balzer's genealogy doesn't mention the coronation of Vratislav II, but he places the traditional date given by the chronicles of [[Cosmas of Prague]] (15 June 1086) to the coronation of the first King of Bohemia; O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', p. 108. V. Novotny indicates that the Synod of Mainz took place in late April or May 1085; V. Novotny: ''Ceske dejiny. Diiu I cast 2. Od Bretislava I do Premysla I'', Prague 1912, p. 245. He believes that Vratislav II's coronation as King of Bohemia and Poland took place on 15 June 1085, after the synod, and not in 1086, as reported by O. Balzer and Cosmas of Prague. Compare to W. Mischke: [http://www.mediewistyka.net/wihoda.pdf Poland Czech kings crown] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808135237/http://www.mediewistyka.net/wihoda.pdf |date=8 August 2008 }} (in Polish) [available 24 August 2009], pp. 11–12, 27–29.</ref><ref name="Labuda, p. 13">Cosmas of Prague affirmation about the coronation of Prince Vratislav II as King of Poland is disputed by many historians. Medievalists consider it a mistake of the chronicler; G. Labuda: ''Korona i infuła. Od monarchii do poliarchii'', Kraków: 1996, p. 13. {{ISBN|83-03-03659-9}}. A detailed argument over the supposed coronation of Vratislav II was presented by W. Mischke: [http://www.mediewistyka.net/wihoda.pdf Poland Czech kings crown] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808135237/http://www.mediewistyka.net/wihoda.pdf |date=8 August 2008 }} (in Polish) [available 24 August 2009], pp. 11–29. M. Spórna and P. Wierzbicki believe that message of Cosmas is authentic. As King of Poland, Vratislav II stemmed from the emperor's claim to sovereignty over the Polish homage (fief indirect, second-degree); M. Spórna, P. Wierzbicki: ''Słownik władców Polski i pretendentów do tronu polskiego'', p.496.</ref> Therefore, that same year Władysław I was forced to recall from Hungarian banishment the only son of [[Bolesław II the Bold]] and a rightful heir to the Polish throne, [[Mieszko Bolesławowic]]. Upon his return young Bolesławowic accepted the over-lordship of his uncle and gave up his hereditary claim to the crown of Poland in exchange for becoming first in line to succeed him.<ref>R. Grodecki, S. Zachorowski, J. Dąbrowski: ''Dzieje Polski średniowiecznej'', vol. I, pp. 127–128.</ref> In return, Władysław I Herman granted his nephew the district of [[Kraków]].<ref>M. Spórna, P. Wierzbicki: ''Słownik władców Polski i pretendentów do tronu polskiego'', p. 353; M. K. Barański: ''Dynastia Piastów w Polsce'', p. 175.</ref> The situation was further complicated for Władysław I Herman by a lack of a legitimate male heir, as his first-born son [[Zbigniew of Poland|Zbigniew]] came from a union not recognized by the church.<ref>[[Roman Grodecki|R. Grodecki]], S. Zachorowski, J. Dąbrowski: ''Dzieje Polski średniowiecznej'', vol. I, p. 130.</ref><ref>O. Blazer didn't include the mother of Zbigniew in the list of Władysław I Herman's wives. Jan Wagilewicz named her Krystyna; O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', p. 107. T. Grudziński believes that by 1080, Władysław I Herman was still unmarried. In contrast, many historians stated the Zbigniew's mother was the first wife of duke Władysław I; K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód pierwszych Piastów'', Poznań 2004, p. 164. {{ISBN|83-7063-409-5}}. Today it is widely accepted that the mother of Zbigniew was Przecława, a member of the Prawdzic family; see A. Nawrot (ed.): ''Encyklopedia Historia'', Kraków 2007, p. 738. {{ISBN|978-83-7327-782-3}}.</ref> With the return of [[Mieszko Bolesławowic]] to Poland, Władysław I normalized his relations with the kingdom of Hungary as well as Kievan Rus (the marriage of Mieszko Bolesławowic to a Kievan princess was arranged in 1088).<ref>M. K. Barański: ''Dynastia Piastów w Polsce'', p. 178.</ref> These actions allowed Herman to strengthen his authority and alleviate further tensions in international affairs.<ref>Strengthening the Polish situation in the first years of the rule of Władysław I, he could refuse to pay tribute to Bohemia for [[Silesia]]. M. K. Barański: ''Dynastia Piastów w Polsce'', p. 179.</ref>