Editing Battle Mountain, Nevada (section)

==Geography==
[[File:2014-05-31 15 23 35 View down the Humboldt River from Nevada State Route 806 in Battle Mountain, Nevada.JPG|thumb|The Humboldt River in Battle Mountain]]
Battle Mountain is located at the confluence of two rivers, the [[Humboldt River|Humboldt]] and the [[Reese River|Reese]]. The town is in the Humboldt valley between the [[Shoshone Range]] to the southeast, the [[Battle Mountains, Nevada|Battle Mountains]] to the southwest and the [[Sheep Creek Range]] across the Humboldt to the north.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the community has a total area of {{convert|3.6|sqmi|disp=or}}, all land.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3204900| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212191320/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US3204900| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Battle Mountain CDP, Nevada| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=January 25, 2013}}</ref>

===Geology===
Copper mining started in 1866 and the Copper Canyon Mine operated from 1917 until 1955.  The Tomboy-Minnie [[ore]] deposits were developed after the depletion of the West ore body, which was developed after the depletion of the East ore body.  [[Open-pit mining]] started in 1967.  [[Placer gold]] was discovered in 1912.  Mining switched from the copper-gold-silver ores to gold-silver ores in 1979.  The Fortitude gold-silver [[skarn]] body was discovered in 1981.  The Surprise gold deposit was discovered in 1986.<ref name=Theodore>{{Cite book |author1=Ted G. Theodore |author2=Stephen S. Howe |author3=David W. Blake  |name-list-style=amp |title=The Tomboy-Minnie Gold Deposits at Copper Canyon, Lander County, Nevada in USGS Bulletin 1857 Gold in Copper Porphyry Copper Systems |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |year=1990 |page=E43-E55}}</ref>

The economic geologic zone is primarily in the Antler [[Sequence (geology)|Sequence]], consisting of the [[Middle Pennsylvanian]] Battle [[formation (geology)|Formation]], the Pennsylvanian to [[Permian]] Antler Peak [[Limestone]], and the Permian Edna Mountain Formation.  These [[Paleozoic]] rocks were [[intruded]] in the [[Tertiary]] by a [[granodiorite]] [[porphyry (geology)|porphyry]] which generated the ore bodies as zones of disseminated [[sulfide minerals]].  These zones include copper-gold-silver next to the granodiorite, followed by a gold-silver zone, then a lead-zinc-silver zone.<ref name=Theodore/>
<gallery class="center" widths="180px">
File:Battle Mtn Au & Cu mines.jpg|Gold and copper mines in the Battle Mountain Mining District. As of 2019, the mines are operated by Newmont Goldcorp as the Phoenix Mine.
File:Battle Mountain Geology.PNG|Battle Mountain Geology Map
File:Battle Mountain Geology Index.PNG|Battle Mountain Geology Map Index
</gallery>

===Battle Mountain meteorite===
A [[meteorite fall]] was reported on 22 Aug 2012 on Battle Mountain at coordinates {{coord|40.66813|N|117.18913|W|display=inline}}. It was classified as an ordinary [[chondrite]],<ref>[http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=56133 Battle Mountain meteorite, The Meteoritical Society]</ref> and a 1.4-pound (630-gram) fragment was sent to NASA's [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] for analysis.<ref>[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121012153019.htm NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (2012, October 12). Meteorite hunters: How to hunt a space rock. ScienceDaily. Retrieved October 13, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2012/10]</ref>

===Climate===
Battle Mountain's climate is [[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|cool semi-arid]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''BSk''), receiving just enough precipitation to avoid arid classification. Due to aridity and high elevation, the area commonly experiences large [[diurnal temperature variation]], particularly in summer, when it averages almost {{convert|45|F-change|disp=or}}. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from {{convert|29.8|°F|1|disp=or}} in January to {{convert|73.6|°F|1|disp=or}} in July. There are, on average, fourteen afternoons of {{convert|100|°F|1|disp=or}} or hotter maxima, 74 afternoons of {{convert|90|°F|1|disp=or}} or hotter maxima, eleven afternoons where the high does not rise above freezing, and seven mornings falling to or below {{convert|0|°F|1|disp=or}} annually; the average window for freezing temperatures is September 16 to May 29.<ref name = NWS /> By far the coldest recorded month has been January 1949, with a mean of {{convert|4.6|F}} and a mean minimum of {{convert|−12.0|F|C}} – between January 2 and February 3, the temperature did not reach freezing, whereas during the winter of 2011/2012 every single day topped freezing. The hottest month has been July 2013, with a mean of {{convert|79.9|F|C|1}} and a mean maximum of {{convert|100.1|F|C|1}}, although July 2007's maximum was even hotter at {{convert|100.8|F|C|1}}.

With a period of record only dating back to 1944, extremes range from {{convert|−39|F|1}} on December 22, 1990, up to {{convert|112|F|1}} on July 12, 2002.

The mean seasonal snowfall of {{convert|19.1|in|m|2|disp=or}} on average occurs from November 25 to April 2, with half the annual snow falling during December and January alone. The snowiest season has been from July 1992 to June 1993, with a total of {{convert|53.2|in|m|2}}, whereas only {{convert|2.2|in|m|2|disp=or}} fell from July 2014 and June 2015. Total seasonal precipitation has ranged from {{convert|15.87|in|mm|1|disp=or}} between July 1997 and June 1998, down to only {{convert|2.97|in|mm|1|disp=or}} between July 1958 and June 1959.

{{Weather box
|location = Battle Mountain 4 SE, Nevada (1971 to 2000)
|single line = Y
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high F = 67
|Feb record high F = 72
|Mar record high F = 80
|Apr record high F = 90
|May record high F = 97
|Jun record high F = 104
|Jul record high F = 109
|Aug record high F = 106
|Sep record high F = 102
|Oct record high F = 95
|Nov record high F = 80
|Dec record high F = 67
|year record high F = 109
|Jan high F = 42.8
|Feb high F = 50.0
|Mar high F = 57.7
|Apr high F = 65.3
|May high F = 74.6
|Jun high F = 85.9
|Jul high F = 95.8
|Aug high F = 94.6
|Sep high F = 84.4
|Oct high F = 70.9
|Nov high F = 53.5
|Dec high F = 43.6
|year high F = 68.3
|Jan low F = 16.8
|Feb low F = 22.2
|Mar low F = 27.1
|Apr low F = 30.9
|May low F = 38.9
|Jun low F = 45.8
|Jul low F = 51.4
|Aug low F = 48.8
|Sep low F = 40.3
|Oct low F = 30.2
|Nov low F = 23.1
|Dec low F = 16.1
|year low F = 32.6
|Jan record low F = −35
|Feb record low F = −25
|Mar record low F = −3
|Apr record low F = 8
|May record low F = 14
|Jun record low F = 24
|Jul record low F = 31
|Aug record low F = 28
|Sep record low F = 11
|Oct record low F = 3
|Nov record low F = −9
|Dec record low F = −39
|year record low F = −39
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.86
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.68
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.85
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.91
|May precipitation inch = 1.30
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.77
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.28
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.34
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.68
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.67
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.71
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.72
|Jan snow inch = 5.4
|Feb snow inch = 3.1
|Mar snow inch = 2.3
|Apr snow inch = 1.3
|May snow inch = 0.1
|Jun snow inch = trace
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = trace
|Oct snow inch = 0.4
|Nov snow inch = 1.9
|Dec snow inch = 4.6
|year snow inch = 19.1
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 7.1
|Feb precipitation days = 7.0
|Mar precipitation days = 7.5
|Apr precipitation days = 7.1
|May precipitation days = 7.5
|Jun precipitation days = 4.7
|Jul precipitation days = 2.3
|Aug precipitation days = 2.7
|Sep precipitation days = 3.6
|Oct precipitation days = 4.3
|Nov precipitation days = 6.6
|Dec precipitation days = 6.2
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 3.2
|Feb snow days = 2.3
|Mar snow days = 1.6
|Apr snow days = 0.9
|May snow days = 0.1
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.2
|Nov snow days = 1.5
|Dec snow days = 2.4
|source 1 = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<ref>Climatography of the United States No. 20: 1971–2000; [https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/nv/260691.pdf Battle Mountain 4 SE, NV]</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service, Elko<ref name= NWS >{{cite web |url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=lkn |title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date = 2013-06-25}}</ref>
}}