Editing August 15 (section)

===Pre-1600===
* [[636]] &ndash; [[Arab–Byzantine wars]]: The [[Battle of Yarmouk]] between the [[Byzantine Empire]] and the [[Rashidun Caliphate]] begins.
* [[717]] &ndash; Arab–Byzantine wars: [[Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik]] begins the [[Second Arab Siege of Constantinople]], which will last for nearly a year.
* [[718]] &ndash; Arab–Byzantine wars: Raising of the [[Second Arab Siege of Constantinople]].
*[[AD 747|747]] &ndash; [[Carloman (mayor of the palace)|Carloman]], mayor of the palace of [[Austrasia]], renounces his position as ''[[majordomo]]'' and retires to a [[monastery]] near Rome. His brother, [[Pepin the Short]], becomes the sole ruler (''[[de facto]]'') of the [[Francia|Frankish Kingdom]].
* [[778]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Roncevaux Pass]] takes place between the army of [[Charlemagne]] and a Basque army.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswarsto1000/p/roncevaux.htm|title=Charlemagne: Battle of Roncevaux Pass|last=Hickman|first=Kennedy|publisher=Military History|access-date=15 August 2019|archive-date=24 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224163706/http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswarsto1000/p/roncevaux.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[805]] &ndash; Noble Erchana of Dahauua grants the [[Bavaria]]n town of [[Dachau, Bavaria|Dachau]] to the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Munich and Freising|Diocese of Freising]]
* [[927]] &ndash; The [[Saracen]]s conquer and destroy [[Taranto]].
* [[982]] &ndash; [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto II]] is defeated by the [[Saracen]]s in the [[Battle of Capo Colonna]], in [[Calabria]].
*[[1018]] &ndash; Byzantine general [[Eustathios Daphnomeles]] blinds and captures [[Ivats|Ibatzes of Bulgaria]] by a ruse, thereby ending Bulgarian resistance against Emperor [[Basil II]]'s [[Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria|conquest of Bulgaria]].
*[[1038]] &ndash; King [[Stephen I of Hungary|Stephen I]], the first king of Hungary, dies; his nephew, [[Peter Orseolo]], succeeds him.
*[[1057]] &ndash; King [[Macbeth, King of Scotland|Macbeth]] is killed at the [[Battle of Lumphanan]] by the forces of [[Malcolm III of Scotland|Máel Coluim mac Donnchada]].
*[[1070]] &ndash; The [[Pavia]]n-born [[Benedictine]] [[Lanfranc]] is appointed as the new [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] in England.
*[[1096]] &ndash; Starting date of the [[First Crusade]] as set by [[Pope Urban II]].<ref>{{citation|last=Hallam|first=Elizabeth|year=1989|title=Chronicles of the Crusades: Eye-witness Accounts of the Wars Between Christianity and Islam|publisher=Bramley|isbn=9781858335896|page=63}}</ref>
*[[1185]] &ndash; The cave city of [[Vardzia]] is consecrated by Queen [[Tamar of Georgia]].
*[[1224]] &ndash; The [[Livonian Brothers of the Sword]], a Catholic military order, [[Siege of Tartu (1224)|occupy Tarbatu]] (today [[Tartu]]) as part of the [[Livonian Crusade]].<ref>Tarvel, Enn (ed.). ''Henriku Liivimaa kroonika. Heinrici Chronicon Livoniae.'' Tallinn: Eesti Raamat, 1982. (in Estonian)</ref><ref>Vahtre, Sulev. ''Muinasaja loojang Eestis : vabadusvõitlus 1208–1227.''Tallinn: Olion, 1990. (in Estonian)</ref>
*[[1237]] &ndash; [[Spanish Reconquista]]: The [[Battle of the Puig]] between the [[Al-Andalus|Moorish]] forces of [[Taifa of Valencia]] against the [[Kingdom of Aragon]] culminates in an Aragonese victory.
*[[1248]] &ndash; The [[Cornerstone|foundation stone]] of [[Cologne Cathedral]], built to house the [[Shrine of the Three Kings|relics]] of the [[Biblical Magi|Three Wise Men]], is laid. (Construction is eventually completed in [[1880]].)
*[[1261]] &ndash; [[Michael VIII Palaiologos]] is crowned as the first [[List of Byzantine emperors|Byzantine emperor]] in fifty-seven years.
*[[1281]] &ndash; [[Mongol invasions of Japan|Mongol invasion of Japan]]: The [[Mongol Empire|Mongolian]] fleet of [[Kublai Khan]] is destroyed by a "[[kamikaze (typhoon)|divine wind]]" for the second time in the [[Battle of Kōan]].
*[[1310]] &ndash; [[Rhodes (city)|The city of Rhodes]] surrenders to the forces of the [[Knights Hospitaller|Knights of St. John]], completing [[Hospitaller conquest of Rhodes|their conquest of Rhodes]]. The knights establish their headquarters on the island and rename themselves the [[Knights Hospitaller|Knights of Rhodes]].
*[[1430]] &ndash; [[Francesco I Sforza|Francesco Sforza]], lord of [[Milan]], conquers [[Lucca]].
*[[1461]] &ndash; The [[Empire of Trebizond]] surrenders to the forces of Sultan [[Mehmed II]]. This is regarded by some historians as the real end of the [[Byzantine Empire]]. Emperor [[David of Trebizond|David]] is exiled and later murdered.
*[[1483]] &ndash; [[Pope Sixtus IV]] consecrates the [[Sistine Chapel]].
*[[1511]] &ndash; [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] of Portugal [[Capture of Malacca (1511)|conquers]] [[Malacca]], the capital of the [[Malacca Sultanate]].
*[[1517]] &ndash; Seven Portuguese armed [[Watercraft|vessels]] led by [[Fernão Pires de Andrade]] meet Chinese officials at the [[Pearl River Delta|Pearl River estuary]].
*[[1519]] &ndash; [[Panama City, Panama]] is founded.
*[[1534]] &ndash; [[Ignatius of Loyola]] and six classmates take initial vows, leading to the creation of the [[Society of Jesus]] in September 1540.
*[[1537]] &ndash; [[Asunción, Paraguay]] is founded.
*[[1540]] &ndash; [[Arequipa, Peru]] is founded.
*[[1549]] &ndash; [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] priest [[Francis Xavier]] comes ashore at [[Kagoshima]] (Traditional [[Japanese calendar|Japanese date]]: 22 July 1549).
*[[1592]] &ndash; [[Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98)|Imjin War]]: At the [[Battle of Hansan Island]], the Korean Navy, led by [[Yi Sun-sin]], [[Yi Eok-gi]], and [[Won Gyun]], decisively defeats the Japanese Navy, led by [[Wakisaka Yasuharu]].<ref>{{citation|last=Hawley|first=Samuel|year=2005|title=The Imjin War|publisher=The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch/UC Berkeley Press|isbn=89-954424-2-5 |page=239}}</ref>
*[[1599]] &ndash; [[Nine Years' War (Ireland)|Nine Years' War]]: [[Battle of Curlew Pass]]: Irish forces led by [[Hugh Roe O'Donnell]] successfully ambush English forces, led by Sir [[Conyers Clifford]], sent to relieve Collooney Castle.