Editing Asian Americans (section)

===Census definition===
In the [[United States census|US census]], people with origins or ancestry in East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia are classified as part of the [[Ethnic groups in the United States#Asian Americans|Asian race]];<ref name=":5" /> while those with origins or ancestry in parts of West Asia ([[Israeli Americans|Israelis]], [[Turkish Americans|Turks]], [[Iranian Americans|Persians]], [[Kurdish Americans|Kurds]], [[Assyrian Americans|Assyrians]], [[Arab Americans|Arabs]], etc.) and the [[Caucasus]] ([[Georgian Americans|Georgians]], [[Armenian Americans|Armenians]], [[Azerbaijani Americans|Azerbaijanis]], [[Chechen Americans|Chechens]], [[Circassian Americans|Circassians]], etc.) are classified under the "Middle Eastern and [[North Africans in the United States|North African]]" race.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lo Wang |first=Hansi |date=28 Mar 2024 |title=Next U.S. census will have new boxes for 'Middle Eastern or North African,' 'Latino' |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/03/28/1237218459/census-race-categories-ethnicity-middle-east-north-africa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403113722/https://www.npr.org/2024/03/28/1237218459/census-race-categories-ethnicity-middle-east-north-africa |archive-date=3 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=NPR}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">United States Census Bureau, 2000 Census of Population, Public Law 94-171 Redistricting Data File.{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011103175823/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68178.htm|date=November 3, 2001|title=Race}}. (archived from [http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_68178.htm the original] on November 3, 2001).</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferris.edu/diversity/measurements/ferris%20state%20university%20enrollment%201999%20to%202006.pdf |title=COMPARATIVE ENROLLMENT BY RACE/ETHNIC ORIGIN |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Diversity and Inclusion Office |publisher=Ferris State University |access-date=August 9, 2014 |quote=original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East. |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924011925/http://www.ferris.edu/diversity/measurements/ferris%20state%20university%20enrollment%201999%20to%202006.pdf |url-status=live }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://www.aaiusa.org/pages/not-quite-white-race-classification-and-the-arab-american-experience |title=Not Quite White: Race Classification and the Arab American Experience |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=April 4, 1997 |website=Arab American Institute |publisher=Arab Americans by the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, Georgetown University |access-date=August 9, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826035428/http://www.aaiusa.org/pages/not-quite-white-race-classification-and-the-arab-american-experience |archive-date=August 26, 2014 |df=mdy }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://www.modelminority.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=284:how-the-us-courts-established-the-white-race-&catid=42:law&Itemid=56 |title=How the U.S. Courts Established the White Race |author=Ian Haney Lopez |date=1996 |website=Model Minority |publisher=New York University Press |access-date=August 9, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811164418/http://www.modelminority.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=284%3Ahow-the-us-courts-established-the-white-race-&catid=42%3Alaw&Itemid=56 |archive-date=August 11, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_RHI125213.htm |title=Race |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=2010 |website=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |access-date=August 9, 2014 |quote=White. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It includes people who indicate their race as "White" or report entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Arab, Moroccan, or Caucasian. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716122857/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_RHI125213.htm |archive-date=July 16, 2014 |url-status=dead }}<br />{{cite web |last=Kleinyesterday |first=Uri |url=http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/features/.premium-1.661491?v=58948502ECBEAD6D447FB207FE19031C |title=New U.S. census category to include 'Israeli' option – Jewish World Features – Haaretz – Israel News |website=Haaretz |date=2015-06-18 |access-date=2017-02-27 |archive-date=September 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911155847/http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/features/.premium-1.661491?v=58948502ECBEAD6D447FB207FE19031C |url-status=live }}<br />{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/programs-surveys/decennial/2020-census/2015_census_tests/nct/2015-nct-frn.pdf |title=Public Comments Received on Federal Register notice 79 FR 71377: Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; 2015 National Content Test: U.S. Census Bureau; Department of Commerce: December 2, 2014 – February 2, 2015 |website=Census.gov |access-date=2017-02-27 |archive-date=July 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170726045556/https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/programs-surveys/decennial/2020-census/2015_census_tests/nct/2015-nct-frn.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> As such, "Asian" and "African" ancestry are seen as racial categories only for the purpose of the census, with the definition referring to ancestry from parts of the Asian and African continents outside of parts of West Asia and [[North Africa]].

In 1980 and before, census forms listed particular Asian ancestries as separate groups, along with ''white'' and ''black or negro''.<ref>[http://usa.ipums.org/usa/voliii/items1980.shtml 1980 Census: Instructions to Respondents] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061130102446/http://usa.ipums.org/usa/voliii/items1980.shtml |date=November 30, 2006 }}, republished by [[IPUMS|Integrated Public Use Microdata Series]], [[Minnesota Population Center]], [[University of Minnesota]] at http://www.ipums.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130711234118/http://www.ipums.org/ |date=July 11, 2013 }} Accessed November 19, 2006.</ref> Asian Americans had also been classified as "other".<ref name="GordonLee">Lee, Gordon. ''Hyphen'' magazine. {{cite web |url= http://www.hyphenmagazine.com/features/issues/summer03/theforgottenrevolution.php |title= The Forgotten Revolution |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20030707160800/http://www.hyphenmagazine.com/features/issues/summer03/theforgottenrevolution.php |archive-date= July 7, 2003 |url-status=dead |access-date= June 1, 2016 }}. 2003. January 28, 2007 (archived from [http://www.hyphenmagazine.com/features/issues/summer03/theforgottenrevolution.php the original] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002114541/http://hyphenmagazine.com/features/issues/summer03/theforgottenrevolution.php |date=October 2, 2007 }} on March 17, 2008).</ref> In 1977, the federal [[Office of Management and Budget]] issued a directive requiring government agencies to maintain statistics on racial groups, including on "Asian or Pacific Islander".<ref>{{cite book |title=Yellow: race in America beyond black and white |last=Wu |first=Frank H. Wu |year=2003 |publisher=Basic Books|location=New York |isbn=9780465006403 |page=310 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JkPvf5Cs-DgC&pg=PA310 |access-date=April 15, 2011}}</ref> By the 1990 census, "Asian or Pacific Islander (API)" was included as an explicit category, although respondents had to select one particular ancestry as a subcategory.<ref>[http://usa.ipums.org/usa/voliii/items1990.shtml 1990 Census: Instructions to Respondents] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406100938/http://usa.ipums.org/usa/voliii/items1990.shtml|date=April 6, 2012}}, republished by [[IPUMS|Integrated Public Use Microdata Series]], Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota at http://www.ipums.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130711234118/http://www.ipums.org/ |date=July 11, 2013 }} Accessed November 19, 2006.<br />Reeves, Terrance Claudett, Bennett. United States Census Bureau. ''[https://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-540.pdf Asian and Pacific Islander Population: March 2002] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110075208/https://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-540.pdf|date=January 10, 2021}}. 2003. September 30, 2006.''</ref> Beginning with the 2000 census, two separate categories were used: "Asian American" and "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.api-gbv.org/resources/census-data-api-identities.php|title=Census Data / API Identities {{!}} Research & Statistics {{!}} Resources Publications Research Statistics {{!}} Asian Pacific Institute on Gender-Based Violence|website=www.api-gbv.org|access-date=May 27, 2016|archive-date=June 9, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160609135048/http://www.api-gbv.org/resources/census-data-api-identities.php|url-status=live}}</ref>