Editing Anzac Day (section)

===Gallipoli campaign, 1915===
{{main|Gallipoli Campaign}}
In 1915, Australian and New Zealand soldiers formed part of an [[Allies of World War I|Allied]] expedition that set out to capture the [[Gallipoli]] Peninsula in the [[Ottoman Empire]] to open the way to the [[Black Sea]] for the Allied navies. The objective was to capture [[Constantinople]], the capital of the Ottoman Empire, which was a member of the [[Central Powers]] during the war. The ANZAC force landed at Gallipoli on 25 April, meeting fierce resistance from the Ottoman Army commanded by [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk|Mustafa Kemal]] (later known as Atatürk).<ref>{{cite book|title=Gallipoli: The Fatal Shore|last=Broadbent|first=Harvey|author-link=Harvey Broadbent|publisher=Viking/Penguin|location=Camberwell, VIC|year=2005|isbn=978-0-670-04085-8|page=47}}</ref> What had been planned as a bold strike to knock the Ottomans out of the war quickly became a stalemate, and the campaign dragged on for eight months. At the end of 1915, the Allied forces were evacuated after both sides had suffered heavy casualties and endured great hardships. [[Gallipoli Campaign#Casualties|The Allied deaths]] totalled over 56,000, including 8,709 from Australia and 2,721 from New Zealand.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dva.gov.au/news_archive/Documents/The%20Gallipoli%20Campaign.pdf|title=ANZAC Day 2010 – The Gallipoli Campaign|publisher=Australian Department of Veterans' Affairs|ref=CITEREFDepartment of Veterans Affairs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313050857/http://www.dva.gov.au/news_archive/Documents/The%20Gallipoli%20Campaign.pdf|archive-date=13 March 2013|access-date=8 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/media/interactive/gallipoli-casualties-country|title=Gallipoli Casualties by Country|date=1 March 2016|website=NZ History|publisher=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage|access-date=15 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202035843/https://nzhistory.govt.nz/media/interactive/gallipoli-casualties-country|archive-date=2 February 2017}}</ref> News of the landing at Gallipoli made a profound impact on Australians and New Zealanders at home and 25 April quickly became the day on which they remembered the sacrifice of those who had died in the war.

Though the Gallipoli campaign failed to achieve its military objectives of capturing Constantinople and knocking the Ottoman Empire out of the war, the actions of the Australian and New Zealand troops during the campaign bequeathed an intangible but powerful legacy. The creation of what became known as an [[Anzac legend]] became an important part of the national identity in both countries. This has shaped the way their citizens have viewed both their past and their understanding of the present. The heroism of the soldiers in the failed Gallipoli campaign made their sacrifices iconic in New Zealand memory, and is often credited with securing the psychological independence of the nation.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Sharpe|first=Maureen|title=Anzac Day in New Zealand, 1916–1939|journal=The New Zealand Journal of History|date=1981|volume=15|issue=2|pages=97–114|url=http://www.nzjh.auckland.ac.nz/document.php?wid=1238&action=null|access-date=25 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325201650/http://www.nzjh.auckland.ac.nz/document.php?wid=1238&action=null|archive-date=25 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Harvey|first=Eveline|title=How the Herald reported the Gallipoli landings|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10505785|access-date=25 March 2017|newspaper=The New Zealand Herald|date=23 April 2008|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612164226/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10505785|url-status=live}}</ref>