Editing Andrey Kolmogorov (section)

===Early life===
Andrey Kolmogorov was born in [[Tambov]], about 500 kilometers southeast of [[Moscow]], in 1903. His unmarried mother, Maria Yakovlevna Kolmogorova, died giving birth to him.<ref>Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s. v. "[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/321441/Andrey-Nikolayevich-Kolmogorov Andrey Nikolayevich Kolmogorov]", accessed February 22, 2013.</ref> Andrey was raised by two of his aunts in [[Tunoshna]] (near [[Yaroslavl]]) at the estate of his grandfather, a well-to-do [[Russian nobility|nobleman]].

Little is known about Andrey's father. He was supposedly named Nikolai Matveyevich Katayev and had been an [[Agronomy|agronomist]]. Katayev had been exiled from [[Saint Petersburg]] to the Yaroslavl province after his participation in the revolutionary movement against the [[tsar]]s. He disappeared in 1919 and was presumed to have been killed in the [[Russian Civil War]].

Andrey Kolmogorov was educated in his aunt Vera's village school, and his earliest literary efforts and mathematical papers were printed in the school journal "The Swallow of Spring". Andrey (at the age of five) was the "editor" of the mathematical section of this journal. Kolmogorov's first mathematical discovery was published in this journal: at the age of five he noticed the regularity in the sum of the series of odd numbers: <math> 1 = 1^2; 1 + 3 = 2^2; 1 + 3 + 5 = 3^2, </math> etc.<ref>{{cite book|title=Wolf Prize in Mathematics, v.2|date=2001|publisher=World Scientific|isbn=9789812811769|pages=119–141|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GHFtMc9NTkYC&q=Kolmogorov+discovered+first+mathematical+regularity+at+the+age+five+year&pg=PA119|chapter=Andrei N Kolmogorov prepared by V M Tikhomirov}}</ref>

In 1910, his aunt adopted him, and they moved to Moscow, where he graduated from [[gymnasium (school)|high school]] in 1920. Later that same year, Kolmogorov began to study at [[Moscow State University]] and at the same time [[D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia|Mendeleev Moscow Institute of Chemistry and Technology]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://new.math.msu.su/department/probab/Kolmogorov/ank_cv.html|title=Андрей Николаевич КОЛМОГОРОВ. Curriculum Vitae|accessdate=19 June 2023}}</ref> Kolmogorov writes about this time: "I arrived at Moscow University with a fair knowledge of mathematics. I knew in particular the beginning of [[set theory]]. I studied many questions in articles in the ''[[Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary|Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron]]'', filling out for myself what was presented too concisely in these articles."<ref>{{cite book|title=Kolmogorov in Perspective (History of Mathematics)|date=2000|isbn=978-0821829189|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=skult9z3IAUC&q=kolmogorov+in+perspective+A.+N.+Shiryaev+The+years+as+a+student&pg=PA6|last1=Society|first1=American Mathematical|publisher=American Mathematical Soc. }}</ref>

Kolmogorov gained a reputation for his wide-ranging erudition. While an undergraduate student in college, he attended the seminars of the Russian historian [[Sergey Bakhrushin|S. V. Bakhrushin]], and he published his first research paper on the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries' [[Land tenure|landholding]] practices in the [[Novgorod Republic]].<ref>{{cite book |first=David |last=Salsburg |title=The Lady Tasting Tea: How Statistics Revolutionized Science in the Twentieth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/ladytastingteaho0000sals |url-access=registration |location=New York |publisher=W. H. Freeman |year=2001 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/ladytastingteaho0000sals/page/137 137–50] |isbn=978-0-7167-4106-0 }}</ref> During the same period (1921–22), Kolmogorov worked out and proved several results in [[set theory]] and in the theory of [[Fourier series]].