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===Native Americans=== Native Americans friendly to the settlers resided in [[East Texas]]<ref>{{cite web|title=East Texas Indian Lands|publisher=Texas Indians|url=http://www.texasindians.com/map4.htm|author=Moore, R. Edward|access-date=May 2, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100417004057/http://www.texasindians.com/map4.htm|archive-date=April 17, 2010|url-status=live}} R. E. Moore and Texarch Associates</ref> before the [[Kiowa]], [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]], [[Kichai people|Kichai]], [[Apache]], and [[Comanche]] relocated to the territory.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Passing of the Indian Era|publisher=Texas Beyond History|url=http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/forts/indians.html|access-date=May 2, 2010}} Texas Beyond History</ref> These tribes hunted, farmed the land, and were adept traders. By 1772, they had settled on the [[Brazos River|Brazos]] at [[Waco, Texas|Waco]] and on the [[Trinity River (Texas)|Trinity]] upstream from present [[Palestine, Texas|Palestine]]. The Tawakoni branch of [[Wichita (tribe)|Wichita Indians]] originated north of Texas,<ref>{{Handbook of Texas|name=Tawakoni Indians|id=bmt22|author=Krieger, Margery H.|retrieved=May 2, 2010}} Texas State Historical Association</ref> but migrated south into East Texas. From 1843 onward, the Tawakoni were part of treaties made by both the [[Republic of Texas]] and the United States. On May 19, 1836, an alliance of Comanche, Kiowa, [[Caddo]], and Wichita attacked Fort Parker (Limestone County), killing and taking settlers captive. The survivors escaped to Fort Houston, which had been erected in Anderson County in 1835 as protection against Indians.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Houston, Texas|publisher=Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.|url=http://www.texasescapes.com/DEPARTMENTS/Guest_Columnists/East_Texas_all_things_historical/AlmostAHouston2BB102.htm|access-date=May 2, 2010}} Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.</ref><ref>{{Handbook of Texas|name=Fort Houston| id= uef05|author=Watts, Mrs. Harmon|retrieved=May 2, 2010}} Texas State Historical Association</ref> Some early residents of Anderson County were related to [[Cynthia Parker|Cynthia Ann Parker]], who was among the captives.<ref name= Exley>{{cite book|last=Exley|first= Jo Ella Powell|title=Frontier Blood: The Saga of the Parker Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PtqghbfsrPAC|publisher=Texas A&M University Press|year=2009 |isbn= 978-1-60344-109-4}}</ref> In October 1838, [[Thomas Jefferson Rusk|Gen. Thomas Jefferson Rusk]] conducted a raid against hostile Indians at Kickapoo, near [[Frankston, Texas|Frankston]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Frankston, Texas|publisher=Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.|url=http://www.texasescapes.com/EastTexasTowns/Frankston-Texas.htm|access-date=May 2, 2010}} Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.</ref> This ended the engagements with the Indians in East Texas for that year.
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