Editing Andalusia (section)

==Symbols==
{{Main|Emblem of Andalusia|Flag of Andalusia}}
[[File:Blas Infante Tiles.jpg|thumb|upright|Portrait of [[Blas Infante]], executed in [[azulejo]]s, located on the avenue in [[Jerez de la Frontera]] named in his honour.]]

The Andalusian emblem shows the figure of [[Hercules]] and two [[lion]]s between the two [[pillars of Hercules]] that tradition situates on either side of the Strait of Gibraltar. An inscription below, superimposed on an image of the [[flag of Andalusia]] reads ''Andalucía por sí, para España y la Humanidad'' ("Andalusia for herself, Spain and Humanity"). Over the two columns is a semicircular arch in the colours of the flag of Andalusia, with the [[Latin language|Latin]] words ''Dominator Hercules Fundator'' (Lord Hercules is the Founder) superimposed.<ref name="himno y escudo">{{cite web |title=Himno y escudo |publisher=Junta de Andalucia |url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/28f2009/himno.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015185710/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/28f2009/himno.html |archive-date=15 October 2012}}</ref>

The official flag of Andalusia consists of three equal horizontal stripes, coloured green, white, and green respectively; the Andalusian coat of arms is superimposed on the central stripe.<ref name=Junta2019>{{cite web |title=Símbolos de Andalucía |url=https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismos/sobre-junta/simbolos.html |publisher=Junta de Andalucía |access-date=9 August 2019}}</ref> Its design was overseen by [[Blas Infante]]<ref name="Gill">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gGY2fSXko5kC&pg=PT216 |title=Andalucia, a cultural history |last=Gill |first=James |publisher=Oxford University Press US |page=251 |isbn=978-0-19-537610-4 |access-date=11 December 2009 |date=9 December 2008 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114130217/https://books.google.com/books?id=gGY2fSXko5kC&pg=PT216#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> and approved in the [[Assembly of Ronda]] (a 1918 gathering of [[Andalusian nationalism|Andalusian nationalists]] at [[Ronda]]). Blas Infante considered these to have been the colours most used in regional symbols throughout the region's history. According to him, the green came in particular from the [[banner|standard]] of the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] and represented the call for a gathering of the populace. The white symbolised pardon in the [[Almohad dynasty]], interpreted in European heraldry as parliament or peace. Other writers have justified the colours differently, with some Andalusian nationalists referring to them as the ''Arbonaida'', meaning white-and-green in [[Mozarabic language|Mozarabic]], a [[Romance language]] that was spoken in the region in Muslim times. Nowadays, the Andalusian government states that the colours of the flag evoke the Andalusian landscape as well as values of purity and hope for the future.<ref name=Junta2019/>

The [[national anthem|anthem]] of Andalusia was composed by José del Castillo Díaz (director of the Municipal Band of Seville, commonly known as Maestro Castillo) with lyrics by Blas Infante.<ref name="Gill"/> The music was inspired by ''Santo Dios'', a popular religious song sung at harvest time by peasants and day labourers in the provinces of Málaga, Seville, and Huelva. Blas Infante brought the song to Maestro Castillo's attention; Maestro Castillo adapted and harmonized the traditional melody. The lyrics appeal to the Andalusians to mobilise and demand ''tierra y libertad'' ("land and liberty") by way of [[agrarian reform]] and a statute of autonomy within Spain.

The [[Parliament of Andalusia]] voted unanimously in 1983 that the preamble to the [[Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia|Statute of Autonomy]] recognise Blas Infante as the Father of the Andalusian Nation (''Padre de la Patria Andaluza''),<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gCIcK3DIsIYC&q=Padre+del+Patria+Blas+Infante&pg=PA28 |title=La casa de Blas Infante en Coria del Río |publisher=Centro de Estudios Andaluces |last=Fernandez-Montesinas |first=Alberto Egea |isbn=978-84-609-2545-3 |year=2004 |access-date=4 October 2020 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114130220/https://books.google.com/books?id=gCIcK3DIsIYC&q=Padre+del+Patria+Blas+Infante&pg=PA28#v=snippet&q=Padre%20del%20Patria%20Blas%20Infante&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> which was reaffirmed in the reformed Statute of Autonomy submitted to popular [[referendum]] 18 February 2007. The preamble of the present 2007 Statute of Autonomy says that Article 2 of the present [[Spanish Constitution of 1978]] recognises Andalusia as a [[Nationalities and regions of Spain|nationality]]. Later, in its articulation, it speaks of Andalusia as a "historic nationality" (Spanish: ''nacionalidad histórica''). It also cites the 1919 Andalusianist Manifesto of Córdoba describing Andalusia as a "national reality" (''realidad nacional''), but does not endorse that formulation. Article 1 of the earlier 1981 Statute of Autonomy defined it simply as a "nationality" (''nacionalidad'').<ref name="citing 1919">''El Manifiesto andalucista de Córdoba describió a Andalucía como realidad nacional en 1919, cuyo espíritu los andaluces encauzaron plenamente a través del proceso de autogobierno recogido en nuestra Carta Magna. En 1978 los andaluces dieron un amplio respaldo al consenso constitucional. Hoy, la Constitución, en su artículo 2, reconoce a Andalucía como una nacionalidad en el marco de la unidad indisoluble de la nación española.'' [[:s:Estatuto de Autonomía de Andalucía 2007|Andalusian Statute of Autonomy on Wikisource]], in Spanish.</ref>

The national holiday, [[Andalusia Day]], is celebrated on 28 February,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PuEo8-2KOf0C&q=D%C3%ADa+de+Andaluc%C3%ADa&pg=PA77 |title=Andalucia |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=2007 |last1=Noble |first1=John |last2=Forsyth |first2=Susan |last3=Maric |first3=Vesna |page=77 |isbn=978-1-74059-973-3 |access-date=11 December 2009 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114130233/https://books.google.com/books?id=PuEo8-2KOf0C&q=D%C3%ADa+de+Andaluc%C3%ADa&pg=PA77 |url-status=live }}</ref> commemorating the 1980 autonomy referendum.

The honorific title of ''[[Hijo Predilecto de Andalucía]]'' ("Favourite Son of Andalusia") is granted by the Autonomous Government of Andalusia to those whose exceptional merits benefited Andalusia, for work or achievements in natural, social, or political science. It is the highest distinction given by the Autonomous Community of Andalusia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Junta de Andalucía - Hija Predilecta o Hijo Predilecto de Andalucía |url=https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismos/presidenciaadministracionpublicaeinterior/areas/honores-distinciones/hijos-predilectos.html |access-date=8 November 2020 |website=Junta de Andalucía |language=es}}</ref>