Editing Anarcho-primitivism (section)

==Development==
[[File:John_Zerzan,_2010_(cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[John Zerzan]], the main theoretical proponent of anarcho-primitivism]]
The modern school of anarcho-primitivism was primarily developed by [[John Zerzan]],{{Sfnm|1a1=Aaltola|1y=2010|1pp=164-165|2a1=Price|2y=2012|2pp=240-241|3a1=Price|3y=2019|3p=289}} whose work was released at a time when [[green anarchism|green anarchist]] theories of [[social ecology (Bookchin)|social]] and [[deep ecology]] were beginning to attract interest. Primitivism, as outlined in Zerzan's work, first gained popularity as enthusiasm in deep ecology began to wane.{{Sfn|Price|2012|pp=240-241}}

Zerzan claimed that pre-civilization societies were inherently superior to modern civilization and that the move towards agriculture and the increasing use of technology had resulted in the alienation and oppression of humankind.{{Sfnm|1a1=Price|1y=2012|1pp=240-241|2a1=Price|2y=2019|2p=289}} Zerzan argued that under civilization, humans and other species have undergone [[domestication]], which stripped them of their agency and subjected them to control by [[capitalism]]. He also claimed that [[language]], [[mathematics]] and [[art]] had caused [[Social alienation|alienation]], as they replaced "authentic reality" with an abstracted representation of reality.{{Sfn|Aaltola|2010|pp=164-165}} In order to counteract such issues, Zerzan proposed that humanity return to a [[state of nature]], which he believed would increase [[social equality]] and individual [[autonomy]] by abolishing [[private property]], [[Monopoly on violence|organized violence]] and the [[division of labour]].{{Sfn|Aaltola|2010|p=165}}

Primitivist thinker [[Paul Shepard]] also criticized domestication, which he believed had devalued non-human life and reduced human life to their labor and property. Other primitivist authors have drawn different conclusions to Zerzan on the origins of alienation, with John Fillis blaming [[technology]] and [[Richard Heinberg]] claiming it to be a result of [[addiction psychology]].{{Sfn|Aaltola|2010|p=166}}