Editing Alcoholics Anonymous (section)

=== Hazard's search for treatment, spiritual conversion, & involvement with the Oxford Group ===
[[Rowland Hazard III|Rowland Hazard]]’s journey from [[Carl Jung]]’s psychiatric treatment to spiritual conversion through the Oxford Group played a pivotal role in shaping the foundations of Alcoholics Anonymous, influencing its principles of recovery.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How Carl Jung Inspired the Creation of Alcoholics Anonymous {{!}} Open Culture |url=https://www.openculture.com/2024/06/carl-jung-inspired-the-creation-of-alcoholics-anonymous.html |access-date=2024-09-21 |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1926, Hazard went to [[Zurich]], [[Switzerland]], to seek treatment for alcoholism with psychiatrist [[Carl Jung]]. When Hazard ended treatment with Jung after about a year, and came back to the US, he soon resumed drinking, and returned to Jung in Zurich for further treatment. Jung told Hazard that his case was nearly hopeless (as with other alcoholics) and that his only hope might be a "spiritual conversion" with a "religious group".<ref>''Pass It On'', p. 114</ref><ref>[http://speakingoffaith.publicradio.org/programs/recovery/images/jung-lettertobillw.jpg 1961 letter from Carl Jung to Bill Wilson concerning Rowland Hazard III] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120715083915/http://speakingoffaith.publicradio.org/programs/recovery/images/jung-lettertobillw.jpg|date=15 July 2012}} – photographic image</ref><ref>Jung, C.G., [http://www.sober.org/CarlJung.html Retrospective 1961 letter from C.G. Jung to Bill Wilson about Rowland Hazard III] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001215115600/http://www.sober.org/CarlJung.html|date=15 December 2000}}  with commentary by ''the Big Book Bunch''.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Schaberg |first1=William H. |title=Writing The big book : the creation of A.A. |date=2019 |location=Las Vegas, NV |isbn=9781949481297}}</ref>

Back in America, Hazard went to the Oxford Group, whose teachings were eventually the source of such AA concepts as "meetings" and "sharing" (public confession), making "restitution", "rigorous honesty" and "surrendering one's will and life to God's care". He became converted to a lifetime of sobriety while on a train ride from New York to Detroit after reading ''For Sinners Only,'' by Oxford Group member AJ Russell.<ref>''Pass It On'', pp. 113–114</ref><ref name="FINLAY2000">{{Cite journal |last=Finlay |first=Steven W. |date=March 2000 |title=Influence of Carl Jung and William James on the Origin of Alcoholics Anonymous |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1037/1089-2680.4.1.3 |journal=Review of General Psychology |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=3–12 |doi=10.1037/1089-2680.4.1.3 |s2cid=197652178 |access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> Hazard underwent a spiritual conversion" with the help of the Group and began to experience the liberation from drink that he was seeking. Members of the group introduced Hazard to [[Ebby Thacher]], whom Hazard brought to the Calvary Rescue Mission, directed by Oxford Group leader [[Sam Shoemaker]].<ref>''Pass It On'', p. 127.</ref>