Editing Al-Hakim Mosque (section)

=== Fatimid construction and modifications ===
The mosque's construction was initiated by the 5th [[Fatimid Caliphate|Fatimid]] caliph [[Al-Aziz Billah|al-ʿAziz Billah]] in the year 990 CE and the first Friday prayers took place in it a year later, though the building was incomplete.<ref name="Behrens-Abouseif1989" /> This suggests that the [[Mosque#Prayer hall|prayer hall]] or sanctuary, the area where prayers were led, was probably built first.<ref name="Behrens-Abouseif1989" /> His successor, [[al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah|al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh]], and his overseer Abu Muhammad al-Hafiz 'Abd al-Ghani ibn Sa'id al-Misri, resumed construction work in 1002–1003.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Jami' al-Hakim |url=https://www.archnet.org/sites/2316 |access-date=2021-12-07 |website=ArchNet |archive-date=2021-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207151100/https://www.archnet.org/sites/2316 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":6" /> In 1010, the minarets were modified by the construction of large square bastions around them, which hid much of the original towers.<ref name="Behrens-Abouseif1989" /> The chronology of construction in the mosque's interior and the determination of exactly which part was built by which patron, is uncertain.<ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Pruitt |first=Jennifer |title=Building the caliphate : construction, destruction, and sectarian identity in early Fatimid architecture |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-300-26402-9 |publication-place=New Haven |pages=95–126 |chapter=Construction, Destruction, and Concealment under the “Mad Caliph” |oclc=1262140920}}</ref>{{Rp|location=Note 9 from p. 97}}

Finally, its inauguration took place in [[Ramadan]] of the year 1013.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Wilber |first1=Donald N. |last2=Creswell |first2=K. A. C. |date=December 1954 |title=The Muslim Architecture of Egypt, I. Ikhshids and Fatimids, A.D. 939-1171 |journal=The Art Bulletin |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=304 |doi=10.2307/3047582 |issn=0004-3079 |jstor=3047582}}</ref> It measured 120 meters by 113 meters when it was finished and was more than double the size of the [[al-Azhar Mosque]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bloom |first=Jonathan M. |date=1983 |title=The Mosque of al-Ḥākim in Cairo |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1523069 |journal=Muqarnas |volume=1 |pages=15–36 |doi=10.2307/1523069 |jstor=1523069 |issn=0732-2992 |access-date=2021-12-07 |archive-date=2021-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119023003/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1523069 |url-status=live }}</ref> Al-Hakim allocated 40,000 dinars to the construction and then another 5,000 dinars to its furnishings.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sanders |first=Paula |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9fnBFANHMn4C&dq=al-hakim+mosque+dinars&pg=PA55 |title=Ritual, Politics, and the City in Fatimid Cairo |publisher=SUNY Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-7914-1781-2 |pages=55–60 |language=en}}</ref> The al-Hakim Mosque was also known by an epithet, ''al-Anwar'' ('the Illuminated'), similar in style to the name of the earlier al-Azhar Mosque founded by the Fatimids.<ref name="Behrens-Abouseif1989" /> At the time of inauguration, al-Hakim permitted a celebratory procession which made its way from al-Azhar to al-Anwar and from al-Anwar back to al-Azhar.{{Citation needed|date=June 2022}}

The mosque originally stood outside the walls of Cairo, but when the Fatimid vizier [[Badr al-Jamali]] rebuilt and extended the city walls in 1087, the northern side of the mosque, including its minaret, was incorporated into the northern city wall (between the newly-built gates of [[Bab al-Futuh]] and [[Bab al-Nasr (Cairo)|Bab al-Nasr]]).<ref name="Behrens-Abouseif1989" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Raymond |first=André |title=Le Caire |publisher=Fayard |year=1993 |pages=63–65 |language=fr}}</ref> A ''ziyada'', or a walled outer enclosure, was also added around the mosque later, begun by [[Al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah|Caliph al-Zahir]] (r. 1021''–''1036) but completed much later under the [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid]] sultan [[As-Salih Ayyub|al-Salih Najm al-Din]] (r. 1240–1249) and the [[Mamluk Sultanate|Mamluk]] sultan [[Aybak]] (r. 1250–1257).<ref name=":42">{{Cite book |last=Behrens-Abouseif |first=Doris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=INsmT6zjAl8C&pg=PP1 |title=Islamic Architecture in Cairo: An Introduction |publisher=E.J. Brill |year=1989 |isbn=9789004096264 |location=Leiden, the Netherlands |pages=63–65 |access-date=2023-01-29 |archive-date=2023-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224072406/https://books.google.com/books?id=INsmT6zjAl8C&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>