Editing Agrippina the Younger (section)

==Birth and early life==

Agrippina was born on 6 November in AD 15, or possibly AD 14, at Oppidum Ubiorum, a Roman outpost on the [[Rhine]] River located in present-day [[Cologne]], Germany.<ref>Gaius Stern, "Caligula's Three Sisters" suggests that the sisters of Caligula were born at two-year intervals – Agrippina in AD 14, Drusilla in AD 16, and Livilla in AD 18, ''contra'' Suetonius "the girls were born in three consecutive years."  Tac. ''Ann'' 2.54 disproves Suetonius' claim, placing Livilla's birthday in AD 18.  Note the births of Agrippina the Younger and Drusilla are only 10 months apart if Suetonius is correct. But Drusilla was clearly born in AD 18.</ref> A second sister [[Julia Drusilla]] was born on 16 September AD 16, also in Germany.<ref>Lindsay Powell ''Germanicus'' (Pen and Sword 2013), 116, cites {{CIL|6|5201}} = ''ILS'' 1837, {{CIL|5|5722}} = ''ILS'' 194, {{CIL|12|1026}} = ''ILS'' 195, for the birth and location of Julia Drusilla.</ref>

Agrippina's place of birth is disputed, with [[Cologne]] being seen as a likely place considering how Agrippina would favor the city and the [[Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium]] being established at her prompting there.

[[Suetonius]] however claims that both of Germanicus's eldest daughters were born in [[Trier]] in [[Gaul]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dando-Collins |first=Stephen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xpHuEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22agrippina+the+younger%22+%22first+daughter%22&pg=PT20 |title=Caligula: The Mad Emperor of Rome |date=2019 |publisher=Turner Publishing Company |isbn=978-1-68442-287-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Barrett |first=Anthony A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B6SGAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22agrippina+the+younger%22+15+cologne+trier&pg=PA270 |title=Agrippina: Mother of Nero |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-61863-7 |language=en}}</ref>

As a small child, Agrippina travelled with her parents throughout Germany until she and her siblings (apart from Caligula) returned to Rome to live with and be raised by their paternal grandmother Antonia.  Her parents departed for [[Syria]] in AD 18 to conduct official duties, and, according to Tacitus, the third and youngest sister was born en route on the island of Lesbos, namely [[Julia Livilla]], probably on 18 March.<ref>Tacitus, ''[[Annals (Tacitus)|Annals]]''. 2.54.  See also local inscriptions found by Lindsay Powell ''Germanicus'' (Pen and Sword 2013), p. 132 n. 96, {{CIL|6|3998}}, {{CIL|6|10563}} and others, as well as local coins.</ref> In October of AD 19, Germanicus died suddenly in [[Antioch]] (present-day [[Antakya]], Turkey).

Germanicus' death caused much public grief in Rome, and gave rise to rumours that he had been murdered by [[Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso (consul 7 BC)|Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso]] and [[Munatia Plancina]] on the orders of Tiberius, as his widow Agrippina the Elder returned to Rome with his ashes. Agrippina the Younger was thereafter supervised by her mother, her paternal grandmother Antonia Minor, and her great-grandmother, Livia. She lived on the [[Palatine Hill]] in Rome.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}