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=== By place === ==== Abbasid Caliphate ==== * [[Battle of Krasos]]: Emperor [[Nikephoros I]] refuses to pay the [[tribute]] imposed by Caliph [[Harun al-Rashid]] of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]]. A [[Arab Muslims|Muslim-Arab]] expeditionary force invades [[Asia Minor]]. During a surprise attack, Nikephoros suffers a major defeat against the [[Saracens]] at Krasos in [[Phrygia]]. According to Arabian sources, the [[Byzantine Empire under the Nikephorian dynasty|Byzantines]] lose 40,700 men and 4,000 [[pack animal]]s, while Nikephoros himself is almost killed, but saved by the bravery of his officers.<ref>{{harvnb|Bosworth|1989|p=248}}; {{harvnb|Mango|Scott|1997|p=660}}</ref><ref name="Treadgold135">{{harvnb|Treadgold|1988|p=135}}</ref> * Abbasid caliph [[Harun al-Rashid]] [[Marriage in Islam|marries]] Abbasa, the daughter of Abbasid prince and official [[Sulayman ibn Abi Ja'far|Sulayman]]. ==== Europe ==== * Summer – Emperor [[Charlemagne]] finishes the conquest of [[Old Saxony|Saxony]]. The [[Carolingian dynasty|Carolingian]] administration in the north is restored and the [[Archbishopric of Bremen|diocese of Bremen]] is re-established.{{sfn|Nicolle|2014|p=83}} [[Venice]], torn by infighting, switches [[allegiance]] from [[Constantinople]] to King [[Pepin of Italy]], son of Charlemagne. * [[Obelerio degli Antenori]] becomes the ninth [[doge of Venice]], after his predecessor [[Giovanni Galbaio]] flees to [[Mantua]], where he is killed. * The [[Gymnasium Carolinum (Osnabrück)|Gymnasium Carolinum]] in [[Osnabrück]] is founded by Charlemagne (the oldest school in [[Germany]]).<ref>[http://www.pbr.de/bilder/beitraege/beitrag_698.pdf The building of the Gymnasium Carolinum, Osnabrück] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519041403/http://www.pbr.de/bilder/beitraege/beitrag_698.pdf |date=May 19, 2006 }} Accessed October 2008</ref> ==== Asia ==== * [[Kūkai]], Japanese [[Buddhism in Japan|Buddhist]] monk, travels in a government-sponsored expedition to [[China]], in order to learn more about the [[Mahavairocana Tantra|Mahavairocana Sutra]]. He brings back texts of [[Shingon Buddhism|Shingon]] ([[Vajrayana|Esoteric Buddhism]]). * Priest [[Saichō]], patriarch of [[Tendai]] [[Buddhism]], visits China and reportedly brings back [[tea]] seeds (or [[805]]). * The Inscription of [[Sukabumi]] from Eastern [[Java (island)|Java]] marks the beginning of the [[Javanese language]].
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