Editing 640 (section)

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Pepin of Landen|Pepin the Elder]], [[Mayor of the Palace]] of [[Austrasia]], dies and is succeeded by his son [[Grimoald the Elder|Grimoald]]. He becomes the head of the [[Franks|Frankish]] household, and the most powerful man in the [[Francia|Frankish Kingdom]] (approximate date). 
* King [[Chintila]] dies of natural causes after a 3-year reign, in which he permitted the [[bishop]]s wide authority in [[Hispania]], [[Septimania]] and [[Kingdom of Galicia|Galicia]]. He is succeeded by his son [[Tulga]], who becomes ruler of the [[Visigothic Kingdom]] (approximate date). 
* At the request of [[Porga of Croatia]], one of the first dukes or princes ([[Croatian language|Croatian]]: ''[[Knyaz|knez]]'') of [[Principality of Dalmatian Croatia|Dalmatian Croatia]], the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] emperor [[Heraclius]] sends Christian [[Missionary|missionaries]] to the [[Croatia|Croatian Provinces]] (approximate date).
* The French city of [[Lille]] (according to the [[Lydéric and Phinaert|legend]]) is founded by [[Lydéric and Phinaert|Lydéric]]. He kills Phinaert in a duel to avenge his parents' deaths (approximate date).

==== Britain ====
* King [[Eadbald of Kent]] dies after a 24-year reign. He is succeeded by his sons, [[Eorcenberht of Kent|Eorcenberht]] and [[Eormenred of Kent|Eormenred]], who jointly rule the [[Kingdom of Kent]] (now south east England). 
* [[Hartlepool Abbey]] in [[Northumbria]] (northern England) is founded. Wooden huts surrounding a church are built in [[Anglo-Saxon architecture|Saxon]] style.

==== Africa ====
* May &ndash; [[Babylon Fortress|Siege of Babylon Fortress]]: The [[Rashidun army]] lays siege to [[Babylon Fortress]] in the [[Nile Delta]] (near [[Coptic Cairo|Cairo]]). The next two months' fighting remain inconclusive, the [[Byzantine Greeks|Byzantines]] having the upper hand by repulsing every Muslim assault.<ref>Butler, Alfred, ''The Arab Conquest of Egypt and the Last Thirty years of Roman Dominion'', p. 222</ref>
* [[July 6]] &ndash; [[Battle of Heliopolis]]: The [[Arab Muslims|Muslim Arab]] army (15,000 men) under [[Amr ibn al-As]] defeats the Byzantine forces near [[Heliopolis (ancient Egypt)|Heliopolis]] ([[Diocese of Egypt (Late Antiquity)|Egypt]]). Amr divides his troops into three parts, surrounding the Byzantines.  
* [[December 21]] &ndash; Muslim Arabs capture Babylon after a seven-month siege; during a night assault Arab warriors open the [[city gate]]s.<ref>Al Farooq, Umar by Muhammad Husayn Haykal, chapter nr. 21</ref> The [[Thebaid]] region ([[Upper Egypt]]) is annexed by the [[Rashidun Caliphate]].
* [[December 22]] &ndash; On orders of the Saracen leader, Amar, the [[Serapeum of Alexandria]], containing works that had survived the destruction of the [[Library of Alexandria]], is burned down, along with its collection of 500,000 manuscripts.<ref name=Fires>"Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp24</ref> This story may be apocryphal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/article/207/what-happened-to-the-great-library-at-alexandria/|title=What happened to the Great Library at Alexandria?|website=[[World History Encyclopedia]]|access-date=2020-01-09}}</ref>

==== Asia ====
[[File:Emperor Taizong's campaign against Xiyu states.svg|thumb|right|[[Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions]]]]
* [[Emperor Taizong of Tang]] begins the [[Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions|military campaigns against the Western Regions states]] in the [[Tarim Basin]]. General [[Hou Junji]] [[Tang campaign against Karakhoja|captures the kingdom]] of [[Gaochang]], to [[Tang campaigns against the Western Turks|solidify Tang rule]] in Central Asia.
* [[Church of the East|Nestorian]] missionaries build the [[Daqin Pagoda]] in [[Chang'an]] ([[Shaanxi]]). ''[[Daqin]]'' is the name for the [[Roman Empire]] or the [[Near East]].<ref>Hill, John E. (2003). "The Kingdom of Da Quin". The [[Western Regions]] according to the Hou Hanshu (2nd ed.). Retrieved 2008-11-30</ref>