Editing 1996 Summer Olympics (section)

==Development and preparation==
===Budget===
The total cost of the 1996 Summer Olympics was estimated to be around US$1.7 billion.<ref name=":0" /> The venues and the Games themselves were funded entirely via private investment,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/04/weekinreview/so-you-want-to-hold-an-olympics.html?pagewanted=print|title=So, You Want to Hold an Olympics|last=Applebome|first=Peter|date=August 4, 1996|access-date=August 17, 2008|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> and the only public funding came from the U.S. government for security, and around $500&nbsp;million of public money used on physical public infrastructure including streetscaping, road improvements, Centennial Olympic Park (alongside $75&nbsp;million in private funding), expansion of the airport, improvements in public transportation, and redevelopment of public housing projects.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UNSWLJ/1999/38.html#Heading21|title=The Olympic Legacy in Atlanta – [1999] UNSWLJ 38; (1999) 22(3) University of New South Wales Law Journal 902|journal=University of New South Wales Law Journal|year=1999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111130191143/http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UNSWLJ/1999/38.html|archive-date=November 30, 2011|url-status=live|access-date=June 16, 2009|last1=Engle|first1=Sam Marie}}</ref> $420&nbsp;million worth of tickets were sold, sale of sponsorship rights accounted for $540 million, and sale of the domestic broadcast rights to [[NBC]] accounted for $456&nbsp;million. In total, the Games turned a profit of $19 million.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Journal/Issues/2016/07/18/Olympics/Atlanta-by-the-numbers.aspx |url-access=registration |title=Atlanta Olympics: By The Numbers|date=July 18, 2018|website=Sports Business Daily|language=en|access-date=March 20, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

The cost for Atlanta 1996 compares with costs of $4.6&nbsp;billion for Rio 2016, $40–44&nbsp;billion for Beijing 2008, and $51 billion for Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics (the most expensive Olympic Games without differentiating between summer and winter in history). The average cost for the Summer Games since 1960 is $5.2&nbsp;billion. Using the [[1984 Summer Olympics]] financing model, this edition was organized 100% privately without any cent of public money. Beijing 2008 and Sochi 2014 were financed entirely by the governments of their respective countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2013/oct/09/sochi-2014-olympics-money-corruption |title=Sochi 2014: the costliest Olympics yet but where has all the money gone? |last=Gibson |first=Owen |date=October 9, 2013 |work=The Guardian |access-date=December 4, 2020}}</ref>

===Venues and infrastructure===
{{Main|Venues of the 1996 Summer Olympics}}
[[File:N521UP B747-212B UPS(logojet) NRT 09JUL01 (6896202880).jpg|thumb|A [[Boeing 747-200]] from [[UPS Airlines]] in the 1996 Summer Olympics paint.]]
[[File:McDonnell_Douglas_MD-11,_Delta_Air_Lines_AN0063288.jpg|thumb|A [[McDonnell Douglas MD-11]] from [[Delta Air Lines]] in the 1996 Summer Olympics paint.]]
[[File:Atlanta skyline with sports complexes.JPEG|thumb|[[Georgia Dome]]]]
[[File:Alexander Memorial Coliseum IN THE FOREGROUND AND DOWNTOWN ATLANTA IN THE BACKGROUND.JPG|thumb|[[Alexander Memorial Coliseum]]]]
[[File:Georgia Tech Aquatic Center (1996).JPEG|thumb|[[Georgia Tech Campus Recreation Center|Georgia Tech Aquatic Center]]]]

Events of the 1996 Games were held in a completely decentralized way using mostly existing facilities that were not built for the Games. Most of the events were held in the so-called Olympic Ring, a {{convert|3|mi|km|1|abbr=on}} circle from the center of Atlanta. Others were held at [[Stone Mountain]], about {{convert|20|mi|km|0}} outside of the city. In many cases, it was decided to remove events from the Atlanta Metropolitan Region to save money, while in others the calendar was a difficulty, as was the case with [[association football]] which ended up having its host cities spread across the [[Southeastern United States]] region.<ref>{{cite book|first=Matthew|last=Burbank|title=Olympic Dreams: The Impact of Mega Events on Local Politics|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2001|page=97|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1996/1996v2.pdf|publisher=la84foundation.org|title=Centennial Olympic Games| access-date= October 12, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528012115/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1996/1996v2.pdf|archive-date=May 28, 2008|url-status=dead }}</ref>

*[[Alexander Memorial Coliseum]] – Boxing
*[[Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium]] – Baseball
*[[Centennial Olympic Stadium]] – Opening/Closing Ceremonies, Athletics
*[[Clayton County International Park]] ([[Jonesboro, Georgia]]) – Beach Volleyball
*[[Forbes Arena]] – Basketball
*[[Georgia Dome]] – Basketball (final), Gymnastics (artistic), Handball (men's final)
*[[Georgia International Horse Park]] ([[Conyers, Georgia]]) – Cycling (mountain), Equestrian, Modern pentathlon (riding, running)
*[[Georgia State University Sports Arena]] – Badminton
*[[Georgia Tech Campus Recreation Center|Georgia Tech Aquatic Center]] – Diving, Modern pentathlon (swimming), Swimming, Synchronized Swimming, Water Polo
*[[Georgia World Congress Center]] – Fencing, Handball, Judo, Modern pentathlon (fencing, shooting), Table Tennis, Weightlifting, Wrestling
*[[Golden Park]] ([[Columbus, Georgia]]) – Softball
*[[Herndon Stadium]] – Field hockey (final)
*[[Lake Lanier]] ([[Gainesville, Georgia]]) – Canoeing (sprint), Rowing
*[[Legion Field]] ([[Birmingham, Alabama]]) – Football
*[[Miami Orange Bowl]] ([[Miami, Florida]]) – Football
*[[Omni Coliseum]] – Volleyball (indoor final)
*[[Ocoee Whitewater Center]] ([[Polk County, Tennessee]]) – Canoeing (slalom)
*[[Panther Stadium]] – Field hockey
*[[RFK Stadium]] ([[Washington, D.C.]]) – Football
*[[Stone Mountain Tennis Center]] ([[Stone Mountain, Georgia]]) – Tennis
*[[Stone Mountain Park Archery Center]] ([[Stone Mountain, Georgia]]) – Archery
*[[Stone Mountain Park Velodrome]] ([[Stone Mountain, Georgia]]) – Cycling (track)
*[[Sanford Stadium]] ([[Athens, Georgia]]) at the [[University of Georgia]] – Football (final)
*[[Stegeman Coliseum]] ([[Athens, Georgia]]) at the [[University of Georgia]] – Gymnastics (rhythmic), Volleyball (indoor)
*[[Wassaw Sound]] ([[Savannah, Georgia]]) – Sailing
*[[Wolf Creek Shooting Complex]] – Shooting

===Marketing===
The Olympiad's official theme, "Summon the Heroes", was written by [[John Williams]], making it the third Olympiad at that point for which he had composed (official composer in 1984, NBC's coverage composer in 1988). The [[1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony|opening ceremony]] featured [[Céline Dion]] singing "[[The Power of the Dream]]", the theme song of the 1996 Olympics. The [[1996 Summer Olympics closing ceremony|closing ceremony]] featured [[Gloria Estefan]] singing "[[Reach (Gloria Estefan song)|Reach]]", the official theme song of the 1996 Olympics. The [[mascot]] for the Olympiad was an abstract, animated character named [[Izzy (Mascot)|Izzy]]. In contrast to the standing tradition of mascots of national or regional significance in the city hosting the Olympiad, Izzy was an amorphous, fantasy figure. A video game featuring the Games' mascot, ''[[Izzy's Quest for the Olympic Rings]]'', was also released.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=April 1995 |title=ProReview: Izzy's Quest for the Olympic Rings |magazine=[[GamePro]] |publisher=[[International Data Group|IDG]] |issue=69 |page=46}}</ref>

Atlanta's Olympic slogan "Come Celebrate Our Dream" was written by Jack Arogeti, a managing director at [[McCann Erickson|McCann-Erickson]] in Atlanta at the time. The slogan was selected from more than 5,000<ref>{{cite news|title=Atlanta Redefines Image With 'Come Celebrate Our Dream' Slogan|url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19950219/2105823/atlanta-redefines-image-with-come-celebrate-our-dream-slogan|newspaper=Seattle Times|date=February 19, 1995}}</ref> submitted by the public to the Atlanta Convention and Visitors Bureau. [[William Porter Payne|Billy Payne]] noted that Jack "captured the spirit and our true motivation for the Olympic games."<ref>{{cite web|title=Congratulations Note from Billy Payne|date=December 30, 2012|url=http://olympicsloganinfo.wordpress.com/2012/12/30/note-from-billy-payne-to-jack-arogeti/paynearogetiolympics/}}</ref>

In 1994, African-American artist [[Kevin Cole]] was commissioned to create the Coca-Cola Centennial Olympic Mural, and the 15-story mural took two years to complete.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 29, 2018|title=Exhibition {{!}} The Power of Color – Featuring works by Kevin Cole and Carl Joe Williams|url=https://www.blackartinamerica.com/index.php/2018/01/29/exhibition-the-power-of-color-featuring-works-by-kevin-cole-and-carl-joe-williams/|access-date=May 13, 2021|website=BLACK ART IN AMERICA|language=en-US}}</ref>