Editing 1988 Summer Olympics (section)

==Highlights==
[[File:Seoul Olympic torch.jpg|right|thumb|[[Kim Won-tak]] (athlete), Chong Son-man (teacher) and Son Mi-jong (dance student) during the lighting of the 1988 Summer Olympic cauldron]]
[[File:Fireworks at the closing ceremonies of the 1988 Summer Games.JPEG|thumb|Fireworks at the closing ceremony of the 1988 Summer Olympics]]
* Soviet [[Vladimir Artemov]] won four gold medals in gymnastics.<ref name="Honored Inductees - Vladimir Artemov">{{cite web | title = Honored Inductees – Vladimir Artemov |url=http://www.ighof.com/honorees/honorees_artemov.html |work=[[International Gymnastics Hall of Fame|www.ighof.com]] | access-date =6 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030190746/http://www.ighof.com/honorees/honorees_artemov.html| archive-date= 30 October 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Daniela Silivaş]] of Romania won three and equalled compatriot [[Nadia Comăneci]]'s record of seven [[Perfect 10 (gymnastics)|perfect 10s]] in one Olympic Games.<ref name="Honored Inductees - Daniela Silivas">{{cite web | title = Honored Inductees – Daniela Silivas |url=http://www.ighof.com/honorees/honorees_silivas.html |work=[[International Gymnastics Hall of Fame|www.ighof.com]]
| access-date =6 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194910/http://www.ighof.com/honorees/honorees_silivas.html| archive-date= 27 September 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
* After having demolished the world record in the 100-metre dash at the US Olympic trials in Indianapolis, sprinter [[Florence Griffith Joyner]] set an Olympic record (10.62) in the 100-metre dash and a still-standing world record (21.34) in the 200-metre dash to capture gold medals in both events. To these medals, she added a gold in the 4×100 relay and a silver in the 4×400.<ref name="World Sport - Florence Griffith-Joyner">{{cite news | title = World Sport – Florence Griffith-Joyner |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/SPORT/06/03/olympics.griffithjoyner/index.html |work=CNN| access-date =6 October 2007 | date=23 June 2004}}</ref>
* This was the first Olympic Games where women's sailing was its own event. It was won by Americans [[Allison Jolly]] and [[Lynne Jewell]].
* Canadian [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]] won [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|the 100-metre final]] with a world-record time of 9.79 seconds, but was disqualified after he tested positive for [[stanozolol]]. Johnson has since claimed that his positive test was the result of sabotage.<ref name="Odd tale of mystery man in waiting-room">{{cite news
| title = A Look at André Jackson, the Mystery Man (and friend of Carl Lewis) in the Drug testing area with Ben Johnson in Seoul|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/more_sport/athletics/article1161912.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622070816/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/more_sport/athletics/article1161912.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 June 2011 |work= The Times Online (UK)| access-date =23 September 2003 | location=London | date=23 September 2003| first=Laura| last=Pitel}}</ref><ref name="Ben Johnson acusa a EEUU de proteger a sus atletas dopados">{{cite web | language = es | title = Ben Johnson acusa a EEUU de proteger a sus atletas dopados |url=http://www.elmundo.es/jjoo/2004/2004/08/11/atletismo/1092214891.html
|work=[[El Mundo (Spain)|www.elmundo.es]] | access-date =6 October 2007 }}</ref>
* In the [[Gymnastics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's artistic team all-around|women's artistic gymnastics team all-around competition]], the United States women's team was penalized five-tenths of a point from their team score by the [[International Federation of Gymnastics|Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG)]] after the compulsory round. East German judge [[Ellen Berger]] noticed that [[Rhonda Faehn]], who was the American team alternate and not competing, had been standing on the [[uneven bars (gymnastics)|uneven bars]] podium for the duration of [[Kelly Garrison-Funderburk|Kelly Garrison-Steve's]] compulsory uneven bars routine. Although Faehn was not a coach, Berger assessed the penalty under a rule prohibiting coaches from remaining on the podium while an athlete competes. The deduction caused the United States to fall to fourth place with a combined score of 390.575, three-tenths of a point behind East Germany. This incident remains controversial in the sport of gymnastics, as the United States outperformed the East German team and would have taken the bronze medal in the team competition had they not been penalized.
* [[Phoebe Mills]] won an individual bronze medal on the balance beam, shared with Romania's [[Gabriela Potorac]], making history as the first medal (team or individual) ever won by a US woman in artistic gymnastics at a fully attended games.
*The USSR won their final team gold medals in artistic gymnastics on both the men's and women's sides with scores of 593.350 and 395.475 respectively. The men's team was led by [[Vladimir Artemov]], while [[Elena Shushunova]] led the women's team.
* [[Lawrence Lemieux]], a Canadian sailor in the [[Finn (dinghy)|Finn class]], was in second place and poised to win a silver medal when he abandoned the race to save an injured competitor in mortal peril. He finished in 21st place, but was recognized by the [[International Fair Play Committee]] with the Pierre de Coubertin World Trophy honoring his bravery and sacrifice.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/how-many-athletes-have-won-the-pierre-de-coubertin-medal-2016-8 |title=There are 2 prestigious awards named for the founder of the modern Olympic movement – here are 8 athletes who have won them |last=Praderio |first=Caroline |date=23 August 2016 |website=Business Insider |access-date=9 August 2024}}</ref>
* American diver [[Greg Louganis]] won back-to-back titles on both diving events despite striking his head on the springboard during his third-round dive and suffering a concussion.
* [[Christa Luding-Rothenburger]] of East Germany won the silver medal in the women's sprint event in cycling. Combined with the two medals she won in speed skating in [[1988 Winter Olympics|the Winter Games in Calgary]], she became the first athlete to win medals in two Olympics held in the same year; this feat is no longer possible due to the current scheduling of the Olympic Games.<ref name="Christa Luding-Rothenburger Encyclopædia Britannica article">{{cite encyclopedia | title = Christa Luding-Rothenburger Encyclopædia Britannica article |url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9002734/Christa-Luding-Rothenburger |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica|Britannica Online Encyclopedia]] | access-date =6 October 2007 }}</ref>
* [[Anthony Nesty]] of [[Suriname]] won his country's first Olympic medal by winning the [[Swimming at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly|men's 100-metre butterfly]], prevailing over American [[Matt Biondi]] by .01 of a second (thwarting Biondi's attempt to match [[Mark Spitz]]'s record seven golds in one Olympics).<ref name="Odds against Phelps eclipsing Spitz - Biondi">{{cite news | title = Odds against Phelps eclipsing Spitz |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/reutersComService_2_MOLT/idUSL2876024120080529 | access-date =29 May 2008 | work=Reuters | date=29 May 2008}}</ref> Nesty was the first [[Black people|black person]] to win an individual swimming gold.<ref name="El deporte en el Sur">{{cite web
| language = es | title = El deporte en el Sur
|url=http://www.liceus.com/cgi-bin/ac/pu/Alejandro_Guevara_Deporte.asp
|work=Alejandro Guevara Onofre, Liceus.com
| access-date =6 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017015346/http://www.liceus.com/cgi-bin/ac/pu/Alejandro_Guevara_Deporte.asp| archive-date= 17 October 2007 | url-status=live}}</ref>
* Swimmer [[Kristin Otto]] of East Germany won six gold medals. Other multi-gold medalists in the pool were Matt Biondi (five)<ref name="United States Olympic Committee - Biondi, Matt">{{cite web  |title=United States Olympic Committee – Biondi, Matt |url=http://www.usoc.org/26_37838.htm  |work=[[United States Olympic Committee|usoc.com]] |access-date=6 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010090004/http://www.usoc.org/26_37838.htm |archive-date=10 October 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and [[Janet Evans]] (three).<ref name="United States Olympic Committee - Evans, Janet">{{cite web |title=United States Olympic Committee – Evans, Janet |url=http://www.usoc.org/26_37840.htm |work=[[United States Olympic Committee|usoc.com]] |access-date=6 October 2007
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011230617/http://www.usoc.org/26_37840.htm |archive-date=11 October 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Swedish [[Fencing|fencer]] [[Kerstin Palm]] became the first woman to take part in seven Olympics.<ref name="SEOUL 1988 Games of the XXIV Olympiad"/>
* [[Mark Todd (equestrian)|Mark Todd]] of New Zealand won his second consecutive individual gold medal in the three-day event in equestrian on [[Charisma (horse)|Charisma]], only the second time in eventing history that a gold medal has been won consecutively.<ref name="History of Awards : 1980-1989">{{cite web
 |title=History of Awards : 1980–1989
 |url=http://www.powerupdates.com/clients/halberg/pages/a_article.asp?pid=0&cid=-630935410&aid=789227824
 |work=Halberg Trust website
 |access-date=6 October 2007
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927231704/http://www.powerupdates.com/clients/halberg/pages/a_article.asp?pid=0&cid=-630935410&aid=789227824
 |archive-date=27 September 2007
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
* Baseball<ref name="Demonstration Sports at the Olympic Games">{{cite web
| title = Demonstration Sports at the Olympic Games
|url=http://www.topendsports.com/events/discontinued/demo.htm
| work=topendsports.com
| access-date =6 October 2007 }}</ref> and [[Taekwondo]]<ref name="About WTF - History">{{cite web
 |title=About WTF – History
 |url=http://www.wtf.org/site/about_wtf/history.htm
 |work=[[World Taekwondo Federation|www.wtf.org]]
 |access-date=6 October 2007
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071005052615/http://www.wtf.org/site/about_wtf/history.htm
 |archive-date=5 October 2007
|url-status=live
 
}}</ref> were demonstration sports. The opening ceremony featured a mass demonstration of taekwondo with hundreds of adults and children performing moves in unison.
* This was the last time the United States was represented by an all-amateur basketball team that did not feature [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] players;<ref name="The Original Dream Team">{{cite web |title = The Original Dream Team |url = http://www.nba.com/history/dreamT_moments.html |work = [[National Basketball Association|NBA.com]] |access-date = 6 October 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024164412/http://www.nba.com/history/dreamT_moments.html |archive-date = 24 October 2007 |url-status = dead}}</ref> the team won the bronze medal after losing to the Soviet Union (that was represented by veteran professionals) which went on to win the gold medal.<ref name="THE SEOUL OLYMPICS: Men's Basketball; After 16-Year Wait, Soviets Stun U.S. Again, 82-76">{{cite news | title = THE SEOUL OLYMPICS: Men's Basketball; After 16-Year Wait, Soviets Stun U.S. Again, 82–76 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/28/sports/seoul-olympics-men-s-basketball-after-16-year-wait-soviets-stun-us-again-82-76.html?n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fO%2fOlympic%20Games&pagewanted=print |newspaper=The New York Times |first=Peter |last=Alfano |date=28 September 1988
| access-date =6 October 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Federation Rule Change Opens Olympics to N.B.A. Players|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/04/08/sports/federation-rule-change-opens-olympics-to-nba-players.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=August 5, 2020|date=April 8, 1989}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/olympic-basketball-history-dream-team-usa-soviet-union|title = History of basketball at Olympics: A tale of American domination}}</ref>
* For the first time in history, all the [[dressage]] events were won by women.<ref name="Canada at the 1988 Summer Olympics">{{cite web
 |title       = Canada at the 1988 Summer Olympics
 |url         = http://www.sportsofworld.com/olympics/country-performance/canada/1988-seoul.html
 |work        = sportsofworld.com
 |access-date  = 6 October 2007
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013023535/http://www.sportsofworld.com/olympics/country-performance/canada/1988-seoul.html
 |archive-date = 13 October 2007
|url-status     = dead
 |df          = dmy
}}</ref>
* Women's [[judo]] was held for the first time, as a demonstration sport.<ref name="Obukan Judo History">{{cite web
 |title       = Obukan Judo History
 |url         = http://www.obukan.org/History.htm
 |work        = obukan.org
 |access-date  = 6 October 2007
|url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071228094748/http://www.obukan.org/History.htm
 |archive-date = 28 December 2007
|df          = dmy-all
}}</ref>
* Bowling was held as a demonstration sport, with [[Kwon Jong Yul]] of South Korea and [[Arianne Cerdeña]] from the Philippines winning the men's and women's gold medals, respectively.
* Table tennis was introduced at the Olympics, with China and South Korea both winning two titles.<ref name="Olympic Table Tennis Champions">{{cite web
| title = Olympic Table Tennis Champions
|url=http://www.usatt.org/organization/champions/olympic_champions.shtml
|work=usatt.org
| access-date =6 October 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020015722/http://usatt.org/organization/champions/olympic_champions.shtml| archive-date= 20 October 2007 | url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Tennis returned to the Olympics after a 64-year absence.<ref name="THE SEOUL OLYMPICS: Tennis; Tennis Returns to Good Reviews">{{cite news
| title = The Seoul Olympics: Tennis; Tennis Returns to Good Reviews
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/02/sports/the-seoul-olympics-tennis-tennis-returns-to-good-reviews.html
|work=[[The New York Times]]
| first=Peter
| last=Alfano
| date=2 October 1988}}</ref> [[Steffi Graf]] of West Germany added to her four [[Grand Slam (tennis)|Grand Slam]] victories in the year by also winning the Olympic title in [[Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|women's singles]],<ref name="Steffi graf, la mejor">{{cite web
 |language    = es
 |title       = Steffi graf, la mejor
 |url         = http://www.eltenis.net/tenis-femenino/steffi-graf-la-mejor.php
 |work        = elTenis.net
 |access-date  = 6 October 2007
|url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080807155847/http://www.eltenis.net/tenis-femenino/steffi-graf-la-mejor.php
 |archive-date = 7 August 2008
|df          = dmy-all
}}</ref> beating [[Gabriela Sabatini]] of Argentina in the final.<ref name="Gabriela Sabatini - Fotos, Vídeos, Biografía, Wallpapers y Ficha Técnica">{{cite web
 |language    = es
 |title       = Gabriela Sabatini – Fotos, Vídeos, Biografía, Wallpapers y Ficha Técnica
 |url         = http://www.idolosdeportivos.com/tenis/gabriela-sabatini.php
 |work        = idolosdeportivos.com
 |access-date  = 6 October 2007
|archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20071018024552/http://www.idolosdeportivos.com/tenis/gabriela-sabatini.php
 |archive-date = 18 October 2007
|url-status     = usurped
 |df          = dmy-all
}}</ref> Graf became the first person to win all four Grand Slams and the Olympic gold in a calendar year, known as the [[Grand Slam (tennis)#Golden Slam|golden slam]].
* Two Bulgarian [[Olympic weightlifting|weightlifters]] were stripped of their gold medals after failing doping tests, and the team withdrew after this event.<ref name="THE SEOUL OLYMPICS: Weight Lifting; Team Lifted After 2d Drug Test Is Failed">{{cite news
| title = The Seoul Olympics: Weight Lifting; Team Lifted After 2d Drug Test Is Failed
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/24/sports/the-seoul-olympics-weight-lifting-team-lifted-after-2d-drug-test-is-failed.html
|url-access=subscription
|work=[[The New York Times]]
| access-date =6 October 2007
| date=24 September 1988}}</ref>
* In boxing, [[Roy Jones Jr.]] of the United States dominated his opponents, never losing a single round en route to the final. In the final, he controversially lost a 3–2 decision to South Korean fighter [[Park Si-Hun]] despite pummeling Park for three rounds and landing 86 punches to Park's 32.<ref name="query.nytimes.com">{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE7DD153DF934A35753C1A96E948260 |url-access=subscription | work=The New York Times | title=In Losing, a Boxer Won | first=David | last=Mamet | date=7 October 1988 | access-date=10 April 2010}}</ref><ref name="times">{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9805E4D9163AF935A1575AC0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=1|title=Sports of The Times – Nice Gesture Substitutes For Justice |date=26 September 1997|website=The New York Times |first1=George |last1=Vecsey |url-access=subscription |access-date=16 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="Seoul Games scarred by riots">{{cite web
| title = Seoul Games scarred by riots
|url=http://in.rediff.com/sports/2004/jul/05oly.htm
|date=July 5, 2004
|first1=John |last1=Mehaffey
| work=[[Rediff.com|in.rediff.com]]
| access-date =22 August 2008 }}</ref>
* In another boxing controversy, [[Riddick Bowe]] of the United States lost a controversial match in the final to Canadian future world heavyweight champion [[Lennox Lewis]]. Bowe had a dominant first round, landing 33 of 94 punches thrown (34%) while Lewis landed 14 of 67 (21%). In the first round the referee from East Germany gave Bowe two cautions for headbutts and deducted a point for a third headbutt, although replay clearly showed there was none. Commentator [[Ferdie Pacheco]] disagreed with the deduction, saying they did not hit heads. In the second round, Lewis landed several hard punches. The referee gave Bowe two [[standing eight count]]s and waved the fight off after the second one, even though Bowe seemed able to continue. Pacheco disagreed with the stoppage, calling it "very strange".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lennox Lewis vs Riddick Bowe 88 Olympic Final|website = [[YouTube]] |last1=FightFranchise |date = 13 April 2009 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K39AbwNl3QU| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211030/K39AbwNl3QU| archive-date=2021-10-30|access-date=3 May 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* Soviet weightlifter [[Yury Zakharevich]] won the men's heavyweight (up to 110&nbsp;kg class) with a {{cvt|210|kg}} snatch and {{cvt|245|kg}} clean and jerk for a {{cvt|455|kg}} total. Zakhareivich had dislocated his elbow in 1983 attempting a world record and had it rebuilt with synthetic tendons.
* Indonesia gained its first medal in Olympic history when the women's team won a silver medal in archery.