Editing 1895 (section)

=== January&ndash;March ===
[[File:Degradation alfred dreyfus.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[January 5]]: [[Dreyfus affair]]]]
* [[January 5]] &ndash; [[Dreyfus affair]]: French officer [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is stripped of his army rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on [[Devil's Island]] (off French Guiana) on what is much later admitted to be a false charge of treason.<ref>{{cite book|last=Derfler|first=Leslie|year=2002|title=The Dreyfus Affair|url=https://archive.org/details/dreyfusaffair0000derf|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/dreyfusaffair0000derf/page/2 2]}}</ref>
* [[January 6]] &ndash; The [[1895 Wilcox rebellion|Wilcox rebellion]], an attempt led by [[Robert William Wilcox|Robert Wilcox]] to overthrow the [[Republic of Hawaii]] and restore the [[Kingdom of Hawaii]], begins with royalist troops landing at Waikiki Beach in Oahuand clashing with republican defenders. The rebellion ends after three days and the remaining 190 royalists are taken prisoners of war.<ref>{{cite book|author=Loomis, Albertine|title=For Whom Are the Stars?|publisher=The University Press of Hawaii|year=1976|isbn=978-0-8248-0416-9|url=https://archive.org/details/forwhomarestars0000loom}}</ref>
* [[January 12]] &ndash; Britain's [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty]] is founded by [[Octavia Hill]], [[Robert Hunter (National Trust)|Robert Hunter]] and Canon [[Hardwicke Rawnsley]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Jennifer | last1=Jenkins |first2=Patrick |last2=James |title=From acorn to oak tree: the growth of the National Trust 1895–1994 |date=1994 |publisher=Macmillan |location=London|pages=1–23}}</ref>
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[First Italo-Ethiopian War]]: [[Battle of Coatit]] &ndash; Italian forces defeat the Ethiopians.<ref>{{cite book|author=John|title=The Italian Army and the First World War|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780521193078|page=23}}</ref>
* [[January 15]] &ndash; A warehouse fire and dynamite explosion kills 57 people, including 13 firefighters in [[Butte, Montana]] in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web|work=The Montana Standard|url=http://mtstandard.com/news/local/deadly-disaster-firefighters-onlookers-perish-in-explosion/article_1baf0ff6-e502-11e1-91c6-0019bb2963f4.html|title=Deadly disaster: Firefighters, onlookers perish in 1895 explosion|author=Emeigh, John Grant|date=August 13, 2012|access-date=November 2, 2017}}</ref>
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[1895 Quchan earthquake|A 6.8 magnitude earthquake]] strikes northeastern [[Iran]] near the town of [[Quchan]] and causes at least 1,000 deaths.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hollingsworth|first=J.|author2=Jackson J.|author3=Waler R.|author4=Gheitanchi M.R.|author5=Bolourchi M.J.|name-list-style=amp|year=2006|title=Strike-slip faulting, rotation, and along-strike elongation in the Kopeh Dagh mountains, NE Iran|journal=Geophysical Journal International|publisher=[[Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=166|issue=3|pages=1161–1177|doi=10.1111/j.1365-246x.2006.02983.x|bibcode=2006GeoJI.166.1161H|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[January 21]] &ndash; 
**The U.S. Supreme Court rules in [[United States v. E. C. Knight Co.]] that Congress and the U.S. federal government cannot regulate manufacturing, and dismisses an [[antitrust]] lawsuit against [[American Sugar Refining Company]], which controls 98 percent of sugar refining in the United States.<ref name=":0">{{ussc |name=United States v. E. C. Knight Co. |link= |volume=156 |page=1 |pin= |year=1895}}.</ref> 
**The American steamer [[SS Chicora|S.S. ''Chicora'']] sinks in a storm on [[Lake Michigan]], along with all 21 of its crew and a lone passenger.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn90059522/1895-01-25/ed-1/seq-8/#date1=1895&index=1&date2=1895&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&lccn=&words=Chicora&proxdistance=5&state=Minnesota&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Chicora&phrasetext=&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1 |title= Not One Rescued: That the Steamer ''Chicora'' Was Wrecked Is Now a Curiosity |work= [[St. Paul Daily Globe]] |date= 25 January 1895 |page=8 |issn= 2151-5328 |oclc= 21579130 |lccn= sn90059523 |access-date= 16 January 2016 |via= [[Chronicling America]] }}</ref>
* [[January 24]] &ndash; An effort to restore the Hawaiian monarchy ends as the former Queen [[Liliʻuokalani]] abdicates and pledges allegiance to the [[Republic of Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Liliuokalani|author-link=Liliuokalani|title=Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani|url=https://archive.org/details/hawaiisstorybyh00goog|location=Boston|publisher=Lee and Shepard|year=1898|page=274|isbn=978-0-548-22265-2|oclc=2387226}}</ref>
* [[January 31]] &ndash; The sinking of the German ocean liner [[SS Elbe (1881)|SS ''Elbe'']] kills 334 people on board, 20 minutes after the ship had collided with the British steamer SS ''Crathie''. Only two lifeboats are able to evacuate before the ''Elbe'' goes down, and the first lifeboat capsizes when too many passengers attempt to get onboard. A second lifeboat, with 15 members of the crew, four men and a woman, carries the only survivors.<ref>"Elbe Disaster Investigation; Witnesses of the Steamer Crathie Testify at Lowestoft", ''The New York Times'', May 1, 1895</ref> 
* [[February 20]] 
** The gold reserve of the [[U.S. Treasury]] is saved when [[J. P. Morgan]] and the [[Rothschild & Co|Rothschilds]] loan $65&nbsp;million worth of gold to the United States government. The offering of syndicate bonds sells out only 22 minutes after the New York market opens, and just two hours after going on sale in London.<ref>{{cite book |last=Chernow |first=Ron |year=2010 |title=The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance |publisher=[[Grove Atlantic|Grove/Atlantic, Inc.]] |isbn=978-0-87113-338-0 |author-link=Ron Chernow|title-link=The House of Morgan }}</ref> 
**[[Venezuelan crisis of 1895]]: U.S. President [[Grover Cleveland]] signs into law a bill resulting from the proposition of House Resolution 252, by [[William Lindsay Scruggs]] and Congressman Leonidas Livingston, to the third session of the 53rd Congress of the United States of America. The bill recommends that Venezuela and Great Britain settle their dispute by arbitration.
* [[February 25]] &ndash; The first rebellions of the [[Cuban War of Independence]] break out.
* [[March 3]] &ndash; In [[Munich]], [[Germany]], bicyclists have to pass a test and display [[license plate]]s.
* [[March 4]] &ndash; Japanese troops capture [[Liaoyang]] and land in [[Taiwan]]. 
* [[March 15]]
** [[Bridget Cleary]] is killed and her body burned in [[County Tipperary]], Ireland, by her husband, Michael; he is subsequently convicted and imprisoned for [[manslaughter]], his defence being a belief that he had killed a [[changeling]] left in his wife's place after she had been abducted by [[fairies]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE4D91E3AF93BA35753C1A9669C8B63|first=David Willis|last=McCullough|title=The Fairy Defense|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=2000-10-08|access-date=2007-03-23}}</ref>
** [[Heian Shrine]] is completed in [[Kyoto]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Carey|first=Otis|date=2021-10-19|title=Kyoto|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kyoto-Japan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611214018/https://www.britannica.com:80/place/Kyoto-Japan |access-date=2021-10-19|website=britannica.com|archive-date=June 11, 2015 }}</ref>
* [[March 18]] &ndash; The world's first gasoline [[bus]] route is started in Germany, between [[Siegen]] and [[Netphen]].
* [[March 22]] &ndash; Brothers [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]] make what is probably the first presentation of a projected celluloid [[film]] moving picture, the 46-second ''[[Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory]]'', to members of the [[Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale]] in Paris.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chardère|first1=B.|last2=Borgé|first2=G.|last3=Borgé|first3=M.|title=Les Lumière|year=1985|publisher=Bibliothèque des Arts|location=Paris|isbn=2-85047-068-6|language=French|page=71}}</ref>
* [[March 30]] &ndash; [[Rudolf Diesel]] patents the [[Diesel engine]] in Germany.
[[File:Erste_Benzin-Omnibus_der_Welt.jpg|thumb|150px|[[March 18]]: The first internal combustion [[bus]], ([[Siegen]] to [[Netphen]] in Germany)]]
[[File:Shunpanrou interior.jpg|thumb|150px|right| [[April 17]]: [[Treaty of Shimonoseki|Shimonoseki treaty]]: [[Qing dynasty]] renounces claim on Korea]]