Editing 1859 (section)

=== January–March ===
* [[January 21]] – [[José Mariano Salas]] (1797–1867) becomes Conservative interim [[President of Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|title=JOSÉ MARIANO SALAS|url=http://calderon.presidencia.gob.mx/mexico/gobernantes/mexico-1821-actualidad/jose-mariano-salas/|website=Calderon Presidencia de la Republica|access-date=June 8, 2019|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608191655/http://calderon.presidencia.gob.mx/mexico/gobernantes/mexico-1821-actualidad/jose-mariano-salas/|archive-date=June 8, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[January 24]] ([[Old Style and New Style dates|O. S.]]) – Under the rule of [[Alexandru Ioan Cuza]], the provinces of [[Wallachia]] and [[Moldavia]] are united under the jurisdiction of the [[Ottoman Empire]]. It would be a principal step in forming the modern state of [[Romania]].
* [[January 28]] – The city of [[Olympia, Washington|Olympia]] is incorporated in the [[Washington Territory]] of the United States of America.
* [[February 2]] – [[Miguel Miramón]] (1832–1867) becomes Conservative interim [[President of Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Miguel Miramón|url=https://presidentes.mx/miguel-miramon|website=Presidentes.mx|access-date=June 8, 2019|language=es|archive-date=June 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608191655/https://presidentes.mx/miguel-miramon|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[February 4]] – German scholar [[Constantin von Tischendorf]] rediscovers the ''[[Codex Sinaiticus]]'', a 4th-century [[Uncial script|uncial]] manuscript of the [[Koine Greek|Greek]] [[Bible]], in [[Saint Catherine's Monastery]] on the foot of [[Mount Sinai]], in the [[Khedivate of Egypt]] and arranges for its presentation to his patron, Tsar [[Alexander II of Russia]] at [[Saint Petersburg]].
* [[February 14]] – [[Oregon]] is admitted as the 33rd [[U.S. state]].
* [[February 12]] – The [[Mekteb-i Mülkiye]] School is founded in the [[Ottoman Empire]].
* [[February 17]] – French naval forces under [[Charles Rigault de Genouilly]] capture the city and [[Citadel of Saigon]] in [[Vietnam]], beginning the [[Siege of Saigon]].
* [[February 27]] – United States Congressman [[Daniel Sickles]] shoots [[Philip Barton Key (U.S. District Attorney)]] for having an affair with his wife.
* [[March 3]] – Construction begins on the first railway in northern [[India]] as tracks are laid between the modern-day locations of [[Allahabad]] and [[Kanpur]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Northern Railway of India|url=http://www.northrail.org/scripts/static/history.aspx|title=History Of Northern Railway|access-date=2006-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060202041429/http://www.northrail.org/scripts/static/history.aspx|archive-date=2006-02-02|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[March 9]] – The army of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia]] mobilizes against Austria, beginning the crisis which will lead to the [[Austro-Sardinian War]].
* [[March 21]] – [[Pennsylvania]] issues the charter establishing the [[Zoological Society of Philadelphia]], the first organization of its kind in the United States, and founder of the nation's first zoo.
* [[March 26]] – French amateur astronomer [[Edmond Modeste Lescarbault]] claims to have noticed a planet closer to the Sun than Mercury (later named [[Vulcan (hypothetical planet)|Vulcan]]).