Editing 1819 (section)

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 2]] &ndash; The [[Panic of 1819]], the first major peacetime [[financial crisis]] in the [[United States]], begins.
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Thomas Jefferson]] founds the [[University of Virginia]].
* [[January 29]] &ndash; Sir [[Stamford Raffles]] lands on the island of [[Singapore]].
* [[February 2]] &ndash; ''[[Dartmouth College v. Woodward]]'': The Supreme Court of the United States under [[John Marshall]] rules in favor of [[Dartmouth College]], allowing Dartmouth to keep its charter and remain a private institution.
* [[February 6]] &ndash; The [[1819 Singapore Treaty|Treaty of Singapore]], is signed between [[Hussein Shah of Johor]] and Sir [[Stamford Raffles]] of Britain, to create a trading settlement in [[Singapore]].
* [[February 15]] &ndash; The [[United States House of Representatives]] agrees to the [[Tallmadge Amendment]], barring slaves from the new state of Missouri (the opening vote in a controversy that leads to the [[Missouri Compromise]]).
* [[February 19]] &ndash; Captain [[William Smith (mariner)|William Smith]] of British merchant [[brig]] ''Williams'' sights [[Williams Point]], the northeast extremity of [[Livingston Island]] in the [[South Shetland Islands|South Shetlands]], the first land discovered south of [[latitude]] 60° S.
* [[February 22]] &ndash; [[Adams–Onís Treaty]]: Spain cedes [[Florida]] to the United States, in exchange for the American renunciation of any claims on [[Texas]] that it might have from the [[Louisiana Purchase]], and $5 million.
* [[March 1]] &ndash; The U.S. naval vessel {{USS|Columbus|1819|6}} is launched on the Potomac River in Washington, D.C.
* [[March 6]] &ndash; ''[[McCulloch v. Maryland]]'': The [[U.S. Supreme Court]] rules that the [[Second Bank of the United States|Bank of the United States]] is constitutional.
* [[March 20]] &ndash; [[Burlington Arcade]] opens in London.
* [[March 23]] &ndash; In [[Mannheim]], [[Duchy of Baden]], German dramatist [[August von Kotzebue]] is assassinated by [[Karl Ludwig Sand]].