Editing 1654 (section)

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; In [[India]], [[Jaswant Singh of Marwar]] (in the modern-day state of [[Rajasthan]]) is elevated to the title of Maharaja by Emperor [[Shah Jahan]].
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Arauco War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Río Bueno (1654)|Battle of Río Bueno]] in southern [[Chile]]: Indigenous [[Huilliche people|Huilliche]] warriors rout Spanish troops from [[Nacimiento, Chile|Fort Nacimiento]], who are attempting to cross the [[Bueno River]].
* [[January 26]] &ndash; [[Portugal]] [[Recapture of Recife (1652–1654)|recaptures the South American city]] of [[Recife]] from the Netherlands after a siege of more than two years during the [[Dutch-Portuguese War]], bringing an end to Dutch rule of what is now [[Brazil]]. The [[Dutch West India Company]] has held the city (which they call Mauritsstad) for more than 23 years.
* [[February 9]] &ndash; Spanish troops led by Don Gabriel de Rojas y Figueroa succeed in the [[capture of Fort Rocher]], a pirate-controlled base on the Caribbean island of [[Tortuga (Haiti)|Tortuga]].
* [[February 10]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Tullich]] takes place in [[Aberdeenshire]] in [[Scotland]] during [[Glencairn's rising]], a revolt by Scottish royalists against the [[Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland]] led by Lord Protector [[Oliver Cromwell]]. The battle is indecisive.
* [[March 13]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Pereyaslav]] is concluded in the city of Pereyaslav during a meeting between the [[Cossacks]] of the [[Zaporozhian Cossacks|Zaporozhian Host]] and [[Alexis of Russia|Tsar Alexey I of Russia]] following the end to the [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]] in Ukraine, which started in [[1648]] and has resulted in the massacre of many thousands of Jews.