Editing 1586 (section)

==January &ndash; March==
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[Augustus, Elector of Saxony|Augustus of Wettin]], the [[Elector of Saxony]], marries [[Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt]], the 12-year-old daughter of [[Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt]]. Augustus dies less than six weeks later.<ref>"Augustus I", ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' (1911). Vol. 2</ref> 
* [[January 18]] &ndash; The 7.9 magnitude [[1586 Tenshō earthquake|Tenshō earthquake]] strikes the Chubu region of Japan, triggering a tsunami and causing at least 8,000 deaths.<ref name="Yamamura">{{cite journal |last1=Yamamura |first1=Norika |last2=Kano |first2=Yasuyuki |title=1586年天正地震の震源断層推定の試み: 液状化履歴地点における液状化可能性の検討から |journal=Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan) |series=Second Series |date=2020 |volume=73 |pages=97–110 |doi=10.4294/zisin.2019-7 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/zisin/73/0/73_2019-7/_article/-char/ja/ |trans-title=Source Fault Estimation of the 1586 Tensho Earthquake by Evaluating the Possibility of Liquefaction |publisher=Seismological Society of Japan |s2cid=229523816 |language=ja}}</ref>
* [[February 11]]
**After a two-day battle, an English assault force led by [[Francis Drake]] [[Battle of Cartagena de Indias (1586)|captures the South American port of Cartagena de Indias]], part of Spain's colony, the [[Viceroyalty of Peru]] (now [[Cartagena, Colombia|Cartagena]] in [[Colombia]].
**In [[Dresden]], [[Christian I, Elector of Saxony|Christian I]] becomes the new [[Elector of Saxony]], after the death of his father Augustus.
* [[February 14]] &ndash; In India, [[Yakub Shah Chak]] becomes the new Sultan of Kashmir after the death of his father, the [[Yousuf Shah Chak|Sultan Yousuf Shah]].<ref>Haidar Malik Chadurah, ''History of Kashmir'' (Jaykay Books, 2013) p.185</ref>
* [[February 16]] &ndash; In what is now [[Buner District]], Pakistan, [[Kalu Khan Yousufzai|Kalu Khan]] leads his [[Yusufzai|Yousafzai-Afghan]] Lashkar to defeat the [[Army of the Mughal Empire|Mughal Army]] at the [[Karakar Pass]] in the [[Mughal–Afghan Wars|Afghan-Mughal War]], annihilating them by the 10s of thousands and inflicting one of the greatest defeats in [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] history to [[Mughal emperors|Emperor]] of [[Indian subcontinent|India]] [[Akbar|Akbar the Great]] known as [[Battle of the Malandari Pass (1586)|Battle of the Malandari Pass]].<ref name=Sarkar>Jadunath Sarkar and Raghubir Sinh, [https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_History_of_Jaipur/O0oPIo9TXKcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=January+1586+Mughal&pg=PA68&printsec=frontcover''A History of Jaipur, c. 1503-1938'' (Orient Longman, 1984)], pp. 68-69</ref>
* [[February 23]] &ndash; The Scottish crown jewels, recovered for King James VI by [[William Stewart of Caverston]], are formally returned to the royal treasurer, [[Robert Melville, 1st Lord Melville|Lord Melville]]. The jewels include a square gold pendant, inlaid with a large diamond and a ruby and several other diamonds, the "[[Great H of Scotland]]".<ref>Thomas Thomson, ''A Collection of Inventories and Other Records of the Royal Wardrobe and Jewelhouse'' (Edinburgh, 1815), pp. 316-320</ref>
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Battle of Werl]] in the Duchy of Westphalia (Germany): [[Claude de Berlaymont]] and a large force of 4,000 troops attempt to capture [[Maarten Schenck van Nydeggen]], who had plundered the territory of [[Vest Recklinghausen]] within the Electorate of Cologne. Schenk and his men are able to escape after five days.<ref>Johann Heinrich Hennes, ''Der Kampf um das Erzstift Köln zur Zeit der Kurfürsten'' (1878), pp. 156–162</ref> 
* [[March 12]] &ndash; Greek-born Spanish artist Domḗnikos Theotokópoulos, known better as [[El Greco]], is commissioned to paint his most famous work, ''The Burial of the Count of Orgaz'', which he finishes in early 1588.<ref>Mauricia Tazartes, ''El Greco'' (Explorer Press, 2005) p.49</ref> 
* [[March 18]] &ndash; The [[Black Assize of Exeter 1586|Black Assize of Exeter]] begins in England as infected prisoners go on trial and an epidemic of [[typhus]] spreads quickly through the courtrooms above [[Exeter Prison]].<ref>"Exeter Typhus Epidemic of 1586", in ''Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence: From Ancient Times to the Present, 2008'', by George C. Kohn (Facts on File, 2007) p.122</ref> The disease is quickly transmitted from body lice on inmates who had been incarcerated in unsanitary conditions. In addition to prisoners who died from the disease, typhus claims the life of eight judges and 11 of the 12 jurors. Author Alexander Jenkins writes later, "A noisome and pestilential smell came from the prisoners who were arraigned at the crown bar which so affected the people present that many were seized with a violent sickness which proved mortal to the greatest part of them."<ref>Alexander Jenkins, ''Civil and Ecclesiastical History of the City of Exeter and its Environs'' (Exeter, 1841) p. 125</ref> 
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Forty Martyrs of England and Wales]]: The most infamous case in England of a torture and execution by ''[[Peine forte et dure]]''— slowly piling heavy stones upon a prisoner until they make a plea or die — is carried out against [[Margaret Clitherow]] of [[York]] after she refuses to enter a plea on charges of harboring Roman Catholic priests. She will be canonized as a Catholic saint in 1970 by [[Pope Paul VI]].