Editing 1523 (section)

=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 20]] &ndash; [[Christian II]] is forced to abdicate as King of Denmark and Norway after the nobles of the ''[[House of Nobility (Sweden)|herredag]]'' at [[Viborg, Denmark|Viborg]] have renounced their allegiance in favor of his uncle, [[Frederick I of Denmark|Frederick, Duke of Holstein]]. Christian is exiled to the Netherlands in April.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lockhart |first1=Paul Douglas |title=Denmark, 1513–1660: The Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy |chapter=The End of the Medieval Monarchy, 1513–1536 |date=1 July 2007 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=18 |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199271214.003.0002 |isbn=978-0-19-927121-4 |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/3301/chapter/144309577 |access-date=28 July 2023}}</ref>
* [[February 15]] &ndash; Construction of [[Fort Kastela]] by Portuguese invaders, on what is now the island of [[Ternate]] in [[Indonesia]], is completed as Portugal claims the [[Spice Islands]] (now the Maluku Islands).<ref>Charles Corn, ''The Scents of Eden: A History of the Spice Trade'' (Kodansha America, 1999) p. 57</ref>
* [[February 25]] &ndash; [[Battle of al-Shihr (1523)|Battle of al-Shihr]] on the [[Arabian Peninsula]] (in what is now [[Yemen]]): Troops from Portugal fight  against the [[Kathiri|Kathiri Sultanate]], ruled by the Emir Mutran bin Mansur. After a battle of one day, the Portuguese sack the capital, [[Al-Shihr]], and establish a port on the Indian Ocean. 
* [[February 27]] &ndash; Captain Antón Mayor formally claims for Spain what is now [[Nicaragua]], after he arrives with [[Andrés Niño]] and other Spanish troops on the Central American coast at [[El Realejo]].<ref>"Francisco Hernández de Córdoba y la conquista de Nicaragua", by José Calvo Poyato 1988, in ''Cuadernos Hispanoamericanos'' (September 1988) p.8</ref>
* [[March 8]] &ndash; In Spain's [[Kingdom of Valencia]], a rebellion by the [[Brotherhoods of Mallorca]] is suppressed after two years, as the rebels surrender their capital, [[Palma de Mallorca]], to Spanish and German troops.<ref>Ferran Valls i Taberner and Ferran Soldevila, ''Història de Catalunya'' (Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat, 2002) p.371-372</ref>
* [[March 26]] &ndash; [[Frederick I of Denmark|Frederick I]] is provisionally declared as King of Denmark by Danish nobles at [[Viborg, Denmark|Viborg]], although loyalists at [[Copenhagen]] refuse to recognize his claim to the throne. Christian II, 1481-1559, regent 1513-1523.<ref name=Danmark>[https://danmarkshistorien.dk/vis/materiale/christian-2-1481-1559/  Christian 2., 1481-1559, regent 1513-1523"], danmarkshistorien.dk</ref>