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===Others=== Ytterbium metal increases its electrical resistivity when subjected to high stresses. This property is used in stress gauges to monitor ground deformations from earthquakes and explosions.<ref name="appl">{{cite book| page = 32| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=F0Bte_XhzoAC&pg=PA32| title = Extractive metallurgy of rare earths| author = Gupta, C.K.| author2 = Krishnamurthy, Nagaiyar| name-list-style = amp | publisher =CRC Press| date = 2004| isbn =978-0-415-33340-5}}</ref> Currently, ytterbium is being investigated as a possible replacement for [[magnesium]] in high density pyrotechnic payloads for kinematic [[flare (countermeasure)|infrared decoy flares]]. As [[ytterbium(III) oxide]] has a significantly higher [[emissivity]] in the infrared range than [[magnesium oxide]], a higher radiant intensity is obtained with ytterbium-based payloads in comparison to those commonly based on [[magnesium/Teflon/Viton]] (MTV).<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Koch | first1 = E. C. | last2 = Hahma | first2 = A. | doi = 10.1002/zaac.201200036 | title = Metal-Fluorocarbon Pyrolants. XIV: High Density-High Performance Decoy Flare Compositions Based on Ytterbium/Polytetrafluoroethylene/Viton® | journal = Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie | volume = 638 | issue = 5 | pages = 721 | year = 2012| doi-access = free }}</ref>
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