Editing X-ray crystallography (section)

==Nobel Prizes involving X-ray crystallography==
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|-
! Year !! Laureate !! Prize !! Rationale
|-
|1914||[[Max von Laue]]||Physics||"For his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals"<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1914 |publisher=Nobel Foundation |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1914/index.html |access-date=2008-10-09 |archive-date=2008-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915195235/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1914/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |1915||[[William Henry Bragg]]|| rowspan="2" |Physics|| rowspan="2" |"For their services in the analysis of [[crystal structure]] by means of X-rays"<ref name="The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915">{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 |publisher=Nobel Foundation |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1915/index.html |access-date=2008-10-09 |archive-date=2008-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019182238/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1915/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[William Lawrence Bragg]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |1962||[[Max F. Perutz]]|| rowspan="2" |Chemistry|| rowspan="2" |"for their studies of the structures of [[myoglobin|globular proteins]]"<ref name="The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962">{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1962/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-09-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080924043552/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1962/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
|[[John C. Kendrew]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |1962||[[James D. Watson|James Dewey Watson]]|| rowspan="3" |Medicine|| rowspan="3" |"For their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of [[nucleic acid]]s and its significance for information transfer in living material"<ref name="nobel-1962">{{cite web
 | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1962/index.html
 | title = The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962
 | access-date = 2007-07-28
 | publisher = Nobel Foundation
 | archive-date = 2018-12-26
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181226094942/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1962/index.html%0A%20
 | url-status = live
 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Francis Crick|Francis Harry Compton Crick]]
|-
|[[Maurice Wilkins|Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins]]
|-
|1964||[[Dorothy Hodgkin]]||Chemistry||"For her [[#Early organic and small biological molecules|determinations by X-ray techniques]] of the structures of important biochemical substances"<ref>{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1964 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1964/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-10-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081015033105/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1964/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |1972||[[Stanford Moore]]|| rowspan="2" |Chemistry|| rowspan="2" |"For their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the [[ribonuclease]] molecule"<ref name="n1972">{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1972/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-10-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081011142815/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1972/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
|[[William Howard Stein|William H. Stein]]
|-
|1976||[[William Lipscomb|William N. Lipscomb]]||Chemistry||"For his studies on the structure of [[borane]]s illuminating problems of chemical bonding"<ref>{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1976 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1976/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-12-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081225083422/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1976/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |1985||[[Jerome Karle]]|| rowspan="2" |Chemistry|| rowspan="2" |"For their outstanding achievements in developing [[Hauptman-Karle method|direct methods]] for the determination of crystal structures"<ref name="The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985">{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1985/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-12-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081225083444/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1985/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Herbert A. Hauptman]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |1988||[[Johann Deisenhofer]]||Chemistry|| rowspan="3" |"For their determination of the three-dimensional structure of a [[photosynthetic reaction center|photosynthetic reaction centre]]"<ref name="The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988">{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1988/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-12-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081225083746/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1988/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Hartmut Michel]]||Chemistry
|-
|[[Robert Huber]]||Chemistry
|-
|1997||[[John E. Walker]]||Chemistry||"For their elucidation of the [[ATP synthase|enzymatic mechanism]] underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)"<ref name="n1997">{{cite web | title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 | publisher = Nobelprize.org | url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1997/index.html | access-date = 2008-10-06 | archive-date = 2008-10-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081021222630/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1997/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2003||[[Roderick MacKinnon]]|| rowspan="2" |Chemistry||"For discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for structural and mechanistic [[Potassium channel#Structure|studies of ion channels]]"<ref name="n2003"/>
|-
|[[Peter Agre]]||"For discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for the discovery of [[Aquaporin|water channels]]"<ref name="n2003">{{cite web| title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003| publisher = Nobelprize.org| url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2003/index.html| access-date = 2008-10-06| archive-date = 2008-09-29| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080929075139/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2003/index.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
|-
|2006||[[Roger D. Kornberg]]||Chemistry||"For his studies of the molecular basis of [[Transcription (genetics)|eukaryotic transcription]]"<ref>{{cite web| title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006| publisher = Nobelprize.org| url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2006/index.html| access-date = 2008-10-06| archive-date = 2008-10-17| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081017150038/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2006/index.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2009||[[Ada E. Yonath]]|| rowspan="3" |Chemistry|| rowspan="3" |"For studies of the structure and function of the [[ribosome]]"<ref name="The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009">{{cite web| title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009| publisher = Nobelprize.org| url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2009/index.html| access-date = 2009-10-07| archive-date = 2009-10-10| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091010063812/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2009/index.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Thomas A. Steitz]]
|-
|[[Venkatraman Ramakrishnan]]
|-
|2012||[[Brian Kobilka]]||Chemistry||"For studies of [[G protein-coupled receptor|G-protein-coupled receptors]]"<ref name="nobel-2012">{{cite web| title = The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012| publisher = Nobelprize.org| url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2012/index.html| access-date = 2012-10-13| archive-date = 2012-10-13| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121013000137/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2012/index.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

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