Editing Viking Age (section)

=== Curonians ===

{{Main|Curonians}}

The Curonians<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/800/index.html |title=Euratlas Periodis Web – Map of Europe in Year 800 |website=Euratlas.net |access-date=24 November 2018 |archive-date=2 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202231438/http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/800/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> were known as fierce warriors, excellent sailors and pirates. They were involved in several wars and alliances with [[Sweden|Swedish]], [[Denmark|Danish]], and [[Iceland]]ic [[Vikings]].<ref>Matthews, W. K. "Medieval Baltic Tribes". American Slavic and East European Review, Vol. 8, No. 2 (Apr. 1949), pp. 126–136.</ref>

In {{circa|750}}, according to [[Norna-Gests þáttr]] [[saga]] from {{circa|1157}}, [[Sigurd Hring]] ("ring"), a legendary king of Denmark and Sweden, fought against the invading Curonians and [[Kvenland|Kvens]] (Kvænir) in the southern part of what today is Sweden:

:''"Sigurd Ring (Sigurðr) was not there, since he had to defend his land, Sweden (Svíþjóð), since Curonians (Kúrir) and Kvænir were raiding there."''<ref>Norna-Gests þáttr, c. 1157, Níkulás Bergsson, Iceland.</ref>

Curonians are mentioned among other participants of the [[Battle of Brávellir]].

[[Grobin]] (Grobiņa) was the main centre of the Curonians during the [[Vendel Age]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/700/entity_15194.html|title=Euratlas Periodis Web – Map of Grobina in Year 700|website=Euratlas.net|access-date=24 November 2018|archive-date=6 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171106133041/http://www.euratlas.net/history/europe/700/entity_15194.html|url-status=live}}</ref> From the 10th to 13th century, [[Palanga]] served as an important economical, political and cultural centre for the Curonians.<ref>Mickevičius, Artūras (2018). ''[https://www.knygos.lt/lt/knygos/vikingai-lietuvos-istorijoje/ Vikingai Lietuvos istorijoje] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805114415/https://www.knygos.lt/lt/knygos/vikingai-lietuvos-istorijoje/ |date=5 August 2023 }}'' [''Vikings in the History of Lithuania''] (in Lithuanian). Versus. ISBN 978-9955829195.</ref> Chapter 46 of [[Egils Saga]] describes one Viking expedition by the Vikings Thorolf and [[Egill Skallagrímsson]] in Courland. According to some opinions, they took part in attacking Sweden's main city [[Sigtuna]] in 1187.<ref name="Tarvel2007">[[Enn Tarvel]] (2007). [http://haridus.opleht.ee/Arhiiv/7_82007/38-41.pdf ''Sigtuna hukkumine'']. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011191449/http://haridus.opleht.ee/Arhiiv/7_82007/38-41.pdf |date=11 October 2017}} Haridus, 2007 (7–8), p 38–41</ref> Curonians established temporary settlements near [[Riga]] and in overseas regions including eastern [[Sweden]] and the islands of [[Gotland]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nikitenka |first1=Denisas |title=Pilsoto žemės pilys |publisher=Mažosios Lietuvos istorijos muziejus |date=2018 |isbn=978-9986315056 |language=LT}}</ref> and [[Bornholm]].

Scandinavian settlements existed along the southeastern Baltic coast in [[Truso]] and [[Mokhovoye, Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaup]] ([[Prussia (region)|Old Prussia]]), [[Palanga]]<ref>Butrimas, Adomas. [https://etalpykla.lituanistika.lt/object/LT-LDB-0001:J.04~2003~1593455293623/J.04~2003~1593455293623.pdf ''Lietuva iki Mindaugo''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230806103215/https://etalpykla.lituanistika.lt/object/LT-LDB-0001:J.04~2003~1593455293623/J.04~2003~1593455293623.pdf |date=6 August 2023 }} [''Lithuania Before Mindaugas''] (in Lithuanian). 2003, p. 136. [[:lt:Specialus:Knygų šaltiniai/9986571898|ISBN 9986571898]].</ref> ([[Samogitia]], Lithuania) as well as Grobin ([[Courland]], Latvia).