Editing Uyghurs (section)

== Uyghurs of Taoyuan, Hunan ==
Around 5,000 Uyghurs live around [[Taoyuan County, Hunan|Taoyuan County]] and other parts of [[Changde]] in [[Hunan]] province.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UuEyAAAAIAAJ&q=Uighurs+are+the+largest+Turkic-speaking+Muslim+people+of+China.+Most+of+them+live+within+the+Xinjiang+Uighur+Autonomous+Region.+An+isolated+group+of+Uighurs+lives,+however,+in+Taoyuan+and+Changde+xian+of+the+Hunan+province.|title=The Altaic-speakers of China: numbers and distribution|author=Ingvar Svanberg|year=1988|publisher=Centre for Mult[i]ethnic Research, Uppsala University, Faculty of Arts|isbn=978-91-86624-20-0|page=7|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UlaBw3MUGBEC&q=taoyuan+uighur+hunan&pg=PA220|title=Muslim cultures today: a reference guide|author=Kathryn M. Coughlin|year=2006|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32386-7|page=220|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref> They are descended from [[Hala Bashi]], a Uyghur leader from [[Turpan]] ([[Kingdom of Qocho]]), and his Uyghur soldiers sent to Hunan by the Ming Emperor in the 14th century to crush the Miao rebels during the [[Miao Rebellions (Ming Dynasty)|Miao Rebellions]] in the Ming dynasty.<ref name="english.people.com.cn"/><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MT2D_0_eBPQC&q=hunan+uyghur&pg=PA178|title=Oasis identities: Uyghur nationalism along China's Silk Road|author1=Justin Ben-Adam Rudelson |author2=Justin Jon Rudelson |year=1997|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-10786-0|page=178|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref> The 1982 census recorded 4,000 Uyghurs in Hunan.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MpsYAAAAIAAJ&q=After+the+collapse+of+the+Ming+Dynasty,+these+soldiers+continued+to+make+their+homes+in+Changde+and+Taoyuan+in+Hunan.+That+was+how+4000+people+in+Hunan+registered+as+Uygur+nationality+during+the+1982+national+census.|title=New China's population|author=Zhongguo cai zheng jing ji chu ban she|year=1988|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-02-905471-0|page=197|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref> They have genealogies which survive 600 years later to the present day. Genealogy keeping is a Han Chinese custom which the Hunan Uyghurs adopted. These Uyghurs were given the surname Jian by the Emperor.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=roiuY7bnb80C&q=hunan+uyghur&pg=PA58|title=Muslim Uyghur students in a Chinese boarding school: social recapitalization as a response to ethnic integration|author=Yangbin Chen|year=2008|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-2112-2|page=58|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref> There is some confusion as to whether they practice Islam or not. Some say that they have assimilated with the Han and do not practice Islam anymore and only their genealogies indicate their Uyghur ancestry.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=weYQMv2RqCgC&q=arab+fujian&pg=PA197|title=Islam outside the Arab world|author1=David Westerlund |author2=Ingvar Svanberg |year=1999|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-22691-6|page=197|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref> Chinese news sources report that they are Muslim.<ref name="english.people.com.cn"/>

The Uyghur troops led by Hala were ordered by the Ming Emperor to crush [[Miao people|Miao]] rebellions and were given titles by him. Jian is the predominant surname among the Uyghur in Changde, Hunan. Another group of Uyghur have the surname Sai. [[Hui people|Hui]] and Uyghur have intermarried in the Hunan area. The Hui are descendants of Arabs and Han Chinese who intermarried and they share the Islamic religion with the Uyghur in Hunan. It is reported that they now number around 10,000 people. The Uyghurs in Changde are not very religious and eat pork. Older Uyghurs disapprove of this, especially elders at the mosques in Changde and they seek to draw them back to Islamic customs.<ref name="Shih">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ePxMW066j8C&q=jian+uyghur+hunan&pg=PA133|title=Negotiating ethnicity in China: citizenship as a response to the state|author=[[Chih-yu Shih]], Zhiyu Shi|publisher=Psychology Press|year=2002|isbn=0-415-28372-8|page=133|access-date=28 June 2010}}</ref>

In addition to eating pork, the Uyghurs of [[Changde]] Hunan practice other Han Chinese customs, like ancestor worship at graves. Some Uyghurs from Xinjiang visit the Hunan Uyghurs out of curiosity or interest. Also, the Uyghurs of Hunan do not speak the [[Uyghur language]], instead, they speak Chinese{{clarify|reason=What Chinese language?|date=December 2019}} as their native language and Arabic for religious reasons at the mosque.<ref name="Shih" />