Editing Urinary tract infection (section)

===Dietary supplements===
When used as an [[Adjuvant therapy|adjuvant]] to antibiotics and other standard treatments, [[cranberry]] supplements decrease the number of UTIs in people who get them frequently.<ref name="BeerepootGeerlings2016"/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang CH, Fang CC, Chen NC, Liu SS, Yu PH, Wu TY, Chen WT, Lee CC, Chen SC | title = Cranberry-containing products for prevention of urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | journal = Archives of Internal Medicine | volume = 172 | issue = 13 | pages = 988–996 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22777630 | doi = 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3004 }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Xia |first1=Jia-yue |last2=Yang |first2=Chao |last3=Xu |first3=Deng-feng |last4=Xia |first4=Hui |last5=Yang |first5=Li-gang |last6=Sun |first6=Gui-ju |date=2 September 2021 |title=Consumption of cranberry as adjuvant therapy for urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=16 |issue=9 |pages=e0256992 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0256992 |doi-access=free |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=8412316 |pmid=34473789|bibcode=2021PLoSO..1656992X }}</ref> A 2023 review concluded that cranberry products can reduce the risk of UTIs in certain groups (women with reoccurring UTIs, children, and people having had clinical interventions), but not in pregnant women, the elderly or people with [[Urination#Disorders|urination disorders]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Williams G, Stothart CI, Hahn D, Stephens JH, Craig JC, Hodson EM | title = Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2023 | issue = 11 | pages = CD001321 | date = November 2023 | pmid = 37947276 | pmc = 10636779 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub7 }}</ref> Some evidence suggests that cranberry juice is more effective at UTI control than dehydrated tablets or capsules.<ref name=":1" /> Cranberry has not been effective in attempts to replace antibiotics for the treatment of active infections.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kwok |first1=Michael |last2=McGeorge |first2=Stephen |last3=Mayer Coverdale |first3=Johanna |last4=Graves |first4=Bianca |last5=Paterson |first5=David L. |last6=Harris |first6=Patrick N.A. |last7=Esler |first7=Rachel |last8=Dowling |first8=Caroline |last9=Britton |first9=Sumudu |last10=Roberts |first10=Matthew J. |date=Nov 2022 |title=Guideline of guidelines: management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women |journal=BJU International |volume=130 |issue=Suppl 3 |pages=11–22 |doi=10.1111/bju.15756 |issn=1464-4096 |pmc=9790742 |pmid=35579121}}</ref> Cranberry supplements are also high in sugar content, which may worsen the risks associated with UTIs in patients with [[Diabetes|diabetes mellitus]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jepson |first1=Ruth G |last2=Williams |first2=Gabrielle |last3=Craig |first3=Jonathan C |date=17 October 2012 |title=Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2012 |issue=10 |pages=CD001321 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub5 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=7027998 |pmid=23076891}}</ref>

[[Mannose|D-mannose]] is often marketed as a [[dietary supplement]] that prevents UTIs; however, there is little evidence supporting its use. A randomised controlled trial compared daily d-mannose with a placebo (fructose) among women with recurrent urinary tract infections over 6 months. D-mannose offered no benefit over placebo in reducing UTIs.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hayward |first=Gail |last2=Mort |first2=Sam |last3=Hay |first3=Alastair D. |last4=Moore |first4=Michael |last5=Thomas |first5=Nicholas P. B. |last6=Cook |first6=Johanna |last7=Robinson |first7=Jared |last8=Williams |first8=Nicola |last9=Maeder |first9=Nicola |last10=Edeson |first10=Rebecca |last11=Franssen |first11=Marloes |last12=Grabey |first12=Jenna |last13=Glogowska |first13=Margaret |last14=Yang |first14=Yaling |last15=Allen |first15=Julie |date=1 June 2024 |title=d-Mannose for Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Among Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2817488 |journal=JAMA Internal Medicine |volume=184 |issue=6 |pages=619–628 |doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0264 |issn=2168-6106|doi-access=free |pmc=11002776 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=6 February 2025 |title=D-mannose does not prevent urinary tract infections |url=https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/d-mannose-does-not-prevent-urinary-tract-infections-utis/ |journal=NIHR Evidence}}</ref> 

As of 2015, [[probiotics]] require further study to determine if they are beneficial for UTI.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schwenger EM, Tejani AM, Loewen PS | title = Probiotics for preventing urinary tract infections in adults and children | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2015 | issue = 12 | pages = CD008772 | date = December 2015 | pmid = 26695595 | pmc = 8720415 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD008772.pub2 }}</ref>