Editing University of Tokyo (section)

== Organisation ==
[[File:Teruo Fujii 20220727.jpg|thumb|241x241px|[[Teruo Fujii]], the 31st president of the University of Tokyo]]
The University of Tokyo operates under a centralised administrative structure, with key policies set by the administrative council, which is chaired by the president.<ref>{{Cite web |title=組織構成 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/overview/b02_01.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> However, due to the university's historical development as a merger of various institutions, each of the constituent colleges, faculties, and research institutes maintains its own administrative board. Today, the University of Tokyo is organised into 10 faculties<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/faculties.html|title=The University of Tokyo|website=The University of Tokyo|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001359/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/faculties.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and 15 graduate schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/graduate_schools.html|title=The University of Tokyo|website=The University of Tokyo|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001406/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/graduate_schools.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The leader of the University of Tokyo is known as the {{Nihongo|president|総長|socho}} and it is a substantive leadership role. The president is elected by the university's board council from among the faculty members for a term of six years. The current president is [[Teruo Fujii]], a scholar in applied [[microfluidics]], who assumed the role in April 2021 and is expected to serve until March 2027.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof. Teruo Fujii {{!}} |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/jiepp/en/symposium/speaker/2021_speaker01.html |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=www.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

=== Faculties and graduate schools ===
The University of Tokyo's academic structure consists of 10 faculties and their affiliated graduate schools. This organisational structure was introduced as a result of reforms in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2000 |title=特集 大学院を重点とする大学 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400005325.pdf |journal=東京大学広報誌 淡青 |issue=2 |pages=9}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Faculty
!Founded
!Locations
!Affiliated graduate schools
!Colour
|-
|[[Graduate Schools for Law and Politics and Faculty of Law, University of Tokyo|Law]]
|1872
|Hongo
|[[Graduate Schools for Law and Politics and Faculty of Law, University of Tokyo|Graduate Schools for Law and Politics]]
|{{color sample|green}} Green
|-
|[[Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo|Medicine]]
|1868
|Hongo, Shirokane
|[[Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Medicine]]
|{{color sample|red}} Red
|-
|[[Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo|Engineering]]
|1871
|Hongo, Kashiwa, KomabaII, Asano
|[[Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Engineering]], Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology
|{{color sample|white}} White
|-
|[[Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo|Letters]]
|1868
|Hongo
|[[Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology]]
|None
|-
|[[Graduate School of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo|Science]]
|1877
|Hongo, Komaba (maths)
|[[Graduate School of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Science]], Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences
|{{color sample|#C5591A}} Benikaba
|-
|Agriculture
|1886
|Hongo (Yayoi)
|Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences
|{{color sample|#6F00FF}} Indigo
|-
|[[Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo|Economics]]
|1919
|Hongo
|[[Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Economics]]
|{{color sample|blue}} Blue
|-
|[[College of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo|Arts and Sciences]]
|1886
|Komaba
|[[College of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Arts and Sciences]]
|{{color sample|black}}{{color sample|yellow}} Black and Yellow
|-
|Education
|1949
|Hongo, Nakano
|Graduate School of Education
|{{color sample|#FFB74C}} Orange
|-
|Pharmaceutical Sciences
|1958
|Hongo
|Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|{{color sample|#B3424A}} Enji
|}
In addition to the graduate schools affiliated with specific faculties, the University of Tokyo also includes two independent graduate institutions: the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies and the [[Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Tokyo|Graduate School of Public Policy (GraSPP).]] In 2025, UTokyo announced a plan to launch a five-year program called the [[College of Design, University of Tokyo|College of Design]], starting in the autumn of 2027. This would be the first faculty to be established in nearly 70 years, since the founding of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-04 |title=東京大学が70年ぶり新学部 文理融合、半数が留学生　|url=https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/85694 |access-date=2025-04-09 |website=日本経済新聞 (Nikkei) |language=ja}}</ref> While Japanese local media refer to it as a "faculty (''学部'')," UTokyo describes it as an integrated five-year program combining both bachelor's and master's degrees program, according to the currently announced plans.

=== Research institutes ===
Apart from the faculties and graduate schools, the University of Tokyo hosts eleven {{Nihongo|affiliated research institutes|附置研究所}}. Simultaneously, they function as educational institutions for the graduate schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/institutes_centers.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=附置研究所 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/schools-orgs/centers/institutes.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=大学案内・選抜要項・募集要項 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_06_01.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Institute
!
|-
|{{Nihongo|Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute|大気海洋研究所}}
|Advances basic research on oceans and atmosphere, focusing on climate change and evolution of life, and offers graduate education.
|-
|[[Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo|Earthquake Research Institute]]
|Conducts basic research on earthquakes and volcanic phenomena, aiming at disaster prevention and mitigation.
|-
|[[Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo|Historiographical Institute]]
|Focuses on collecting, researching, and editing historical documents, especially in the field of pre-modern Japanese history.
|-
|Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia (formerly known as Institute of Oriental Culture, {{lang|ja|東洋文化研究所}})
|Specialises in comprehensive studies of Asia, including humanities and social sciences, and collaborates internationally.
|-
|[[Institute for Cosmic Ray Research]]
|Observes cosmic rays and particles for research in astrophysics and particle physics.
|-
|{{Nihongo|Institute for Solid State Physics|物性研究所}}
|Researches the properties of materials at the microscopic level, using advanced technologies such as quantum beams and supercomputers.
|-
|{{Nihongo|[[Institute of Industrial Science]]|生産技術研究所}}
|Engages in applied research integrating various fields of engineering, covering almost all aspects of engineering.
|-
|[[Institute of Medical Science (Japan)|Institute of Medical Science]]
|Focuses on diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases, aiming at innovative treatment methods including genomics and AI in healthcare.
|-
|{{Nihongo|Institute for Quantitative Biosciences|定量生命科学研究所}}
|Conducts advanced research in describing all life dynamics by physical quantities, incorporating fields such as mathematics, physics, and chemistry.
|-
|{{Nihongo|Institute of Social Science|社会科学研究所}}
|Aims at producing 'comprehensive knowledge' in social sciences, conducting joint research and providing an international platform for empirical social science research.
|-
|{{Nihongo|Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology|先端科学技術研究センター}}
|Engages in interdisciplinary research in various fields such as materials, environment, information, and social sciences, aiming at pioneering new scientific and technological areas.
|}

=== UTokyo Institutes For Advanced Study (UTIAS) ===
UTokyo Institutes For Advanced Study (UTIAS) started in January 2011. Their primary objective is to improve academic excellence and foster an internationalised research environment. There are four UTIAS institutes as of November 2023:<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/todias.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Institute
!
|-
|Tokyo College
|Established in February 2019 to collaboratively explore the future of humanity and Earth. Engages in interdisciplinary research on themes such as the digital revolution, Earth's limits, Japan's future, future humanities, and the future of life. It also acts as a host institution for visiting professors, including [[Jack Ma]], the founder of [[Alibaba Group]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=MA Yun (Jack MA) - Tokyo College |url=https://www.tc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/members/9315/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.tc.u-tokyo.ac.jp|date=May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pollard |first=Jim |date=2023-05-01 |title=Jack Ma to be a Visiting Professor at Tokyo University |url=https://www.asiafinancial.com/jack-ma-to-be-a-visiting-professor-at-tokyo-university |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=Asia Financial |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe]]
|Focuses on fundamental questions about the universe, including dark energy, dark matter, and unified theories, with interdisciplinary approaches involving mathematics, physics, and astronomy.
|-
|International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN)
|Established in October 2017 to create a new field of 'Neurointelligence'. Integrating life sciences, medicine, linguistics, mathematics, and information science, it chiefly aims to further understand human intelligence, and utilise the outcomes to overcome mental illnesses, and develop new types of AI based on brain functioning.
|-
|The University of TOkyo Pandemic preparedness, Infection and Advanced research center (UTOPIA)
|Established in October 2022, its aim is to equip the society with resilience against future pandemics through fundamental research in infectious diseases, immunity. It takes multi-disciplinary approaches involving immunology, structural biology, AI, and social sciences, and aims to develop systems for quickly providing effective and safe vaccines and treatments in emergencies.
|}

=== University of Tokyo library system ===
{{Main article|University of Tokyo Library}}
[[File:東京大学総合図書館大閲覧室.jpg|thumb|One of the reading rooms, General Library (Hongo)]]
The University of Tokyo Library System consists of three comprehensive libraries located on the main campuses—Hongo, Komaba, and Kashiwa—along with 27 other field-specific libraries operated by various faculties and research institutes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/libraries.html |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> As of 2024, the University of Tokyo library has a collection of over 10 million books and numerous materials of historical importance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=統計表 |url=https://www.lib.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/library/contents/about/statistic |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=東京大学附属図書館 |language=ja}}</ref> This collection ranks it as the second-largest library in Japan, surpassed only by the [[National Diet Library]], which holds a collection of approximately 46.8 million books.<ref>{{Cite web |title=統計｜国立国会図書館—National Diet Library |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/jp/aboutus/outline/numerically.html |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=www.ndl.go.jp}}</ref> It also subscribes to about 170,000 journals.

The headquarters of the library is situated in the General Library at Hongo, which underwent thorough renovation in the late 2010s. It now features a 46-metre-deep automated underground storage capable of housing approximately 3 million books.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-07 |title=地下46mに300万冊納める東大の新図書館 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO23144170W7A101C1000000/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== University of Tokyo Hospital ===
{{Main article|University of Tokyo Hospital}}
[[File:University of Tokyo Hospital.JPG|thumb|Outpatient Clinic Building of the hospital]]
The University of Tokyo Hospital is an [[academic health science centre]] operated by the [[Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo|Faculty of Medicine]]. The hospital finds its roots in the Kanda Otamagaike Vaccination Centre, established in 1858. It has 37 clinical examination rooms for a wide range of specialisations including Cardiovascular Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery, among others. With a capacity of 1,210 beds, the hospital facilitated medical services for 389,830 inpatients and 794,454 outpatients in the fiscal year 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/hospitals.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> [[Newsweek]]'s ''World's Best Hospitals 2023'' ranks it 17th in the world, 2nd in Asia, and 1st in Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=World's Best Hospitals 2023 - Top 250 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/rankings/worlds-best-hospitals-2023 |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> It serves as the primary hospital for the [[Imperial House of Japan|Imperial Family of Japan]], with both the [[Naruhito|current emperor]] and the [[Akihito|emperor emeritus]] having undergone major operations there.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-12 |title=天皇陛下、18日に冠動脈バイパス手術 狭心症と診断 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDG1200T_S2A210C1000000/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=天皇陛下のご入院・ご手術・ご退院について - 宮内庁 |url=https://www.kunaicho.go.jp/activity/gonittei/01/h15/gonyuin-h15.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=www.kunaicho.go.jp}}</ref>

=== Museums ===
The University of Tokyo operates eight museums, three of which fall under the purview of the [[The University Museum, The University of Tokyo|University Museum (UMUT)]].<gallery mode="packed">
File:Bronze Horus Intermediatheque.jpg|An Egyptian [[Horus]] sculpture
File:The University Museum, The University of Tokyo P3097606.jpg|UMUT
File:The University Museum, The University of Tokyo P3097665.jpg|Exhibition in UMUT
File:Ogawa 1900 geology museum.jpg|The University Museum, c. 1900
File:Nikko Botanical Garden, Japan - 1.jpg|Nikko Botanical Garden
</gallery>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Museum
!
!Location
!Operator
|-
|[[The University Museum, The University of Tokyo|University Museum]]
|The largest university museum in Japan, it has amassed over three million academic materials since 1877. It has hosted numerous planned exhibitions in addition to its permanent exhibition.
|Hongo
|UMUT
|-
|INTERMEDIATHEQUE
|A joint venture with [[Japan Post Holdings|Japan Post]], it's housed in the [[JP Tower]] in [[Marunouchi]] and focuses on interdisciplinary experimentation, showcasing scientific and cultural heritage.
|JP Tower, Marunouchi, [[Chiyoda, Tokyo|Chiyoda]]
|UMUT/Japan Post
|-
|[[Koishikawa Annex, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo|University Museum, Koishikawa Annex]]
|Located in one of the University of Tokyo's oldest buildings, it displays architectural models and photographs documenting the construction of various famous structures from around the world.
|[[Koishikawa Botanical Garden|Koishikawa botanical garden]]
|UMUT
|-
|Komaba Museum
|Combining an art and a natural science museum, it features collaborative exhibitions that transcend the boundaries of liberal arts and science.
|Komaba
|College of Arts and Sciences
|-
|Museum of Health and Medicine
|Provides information about health and medicine.
|Hongo
|Faculty of Medicine
|-
|Medical Science Museum
|Aims to preserve and display historical medical materials, offering a tranquil environment for visitors to reflect on the past, present, and future of medical science.
|Shirokanedai
|Institute of Medical Sciences
|-
|Farm Museum
|Located in a renovated dairy barn in the Tanashi University Farm, it showcases farming implements and other agricultural artefacts.
|Tanashi farm
|Faculty of Agriculture
|-
|Agricultural Museum
|Displays items related to agriculture, including artefacts such as [[Hachikō|Hachiko]]'s internal organs.
|Yayoi
|Faculty of Agriculture
|}
Apart from the aforementioned museums, the University of Tokyo operates several other public facilities, the most notable of which are two botanical gardens managed by the [[Graduate School of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo|Faculty of Science]]: Koishikawa and Nikko.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|[[Koishikawa Botanical Garden]]
|Established in 1684, this botanical garden has been operated by the University of Tokyo since its foundation as a modern university in 1877.<ref>{{Cite web |title=小石川植物園について ｜ 小石川植物園 |url=https://koishikawa-bg.jp/overview/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |language=ja}}</ref> It was in this garden that in 1894 [[Hirase Sakugorō|Hirase Sakugoro]] the discovered [[spermatozoid]]s of the [[ginkgo]], proving that [[gymnosperm]]s produce sperm cells. The garden is designated as a [[Monuments of Japan|National Monument]] and is open to the public for an admission fee of 500 yen (free for UTokyo students and faculty).<ref>{{Cite web |title=利用案内 ｜ 小石川植物園 |url=https://koishikawa-bg.jp/overview/guide/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |language=ja}}</ref>
|-
|[[Nikko Botanical Garden]]
|Opened in 1902 as an annex to the Koishikawa Garden, this facility is located in the highland resort town of Nikko and primarily focuses on alpine plants. It has become a popular tourist destination in Nikko and is accessible to the public with an admission fee of 500 yen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nikko Botanical Garden |url=https://www.bg.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/nikko/eng/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=www.bg.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>
|}

=== Finances ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+UTokyo's Income and Expenses, 2021-2022 (avg. exchange rate: 1 US$ = 109.8 yen)
! colspan="2" |Income (billion yen)
! colspan="2" |Expenses (billion yen)
|-
|Government fundings
|93.1
|Personnel
|106.1
|-
|Self-earned income
|81.2
|Equipment
|134.7
|-
|External fundings 
(research grants, endowments)
|91.7
|Depreciation
|27.9
|}
In 2021-2022, the university had an income of 264.1 billion yen. Of this, 93.4 billion yen (35.1%) was funded by the government, primarily through the Expense Management Grant (運営費交付金). Despite being a national university, this grant from the government has been consistently reduced, dropping from 95.5 billion yen in 2005 to 79.9 billion yen in 2022. A total of 81.2 billion yen (30.5%) was self-earned, through sources such as the university hospitals (54.7 billion yen) and academic fees (16.6 billion yen). The remainder, 91.7 billion yen (34.4%), came from external funding, such as research grants and endowments. Although research grants are primarily earned by research groups and not by the university, the university can typically claim up to 30% of them for university operations, which is included in this number.<ref>{{Cite web |title=財務情報 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/public-info/b06.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

The total assets of the university are valued at 1.47 trillion yen as of March 31, 2024. Land holdings make up the largest percentage of this figure, valued at 878 billion yen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About finances |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/public-info/zaimu-2022.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> UTokyo's endowment fund is relatively small, at 44 billion yen as of March 2023. This is because national universities in Japan, including UTokyo, were not allowed to invest in high-risk assets until 2018, so endowments were spent rather than invested until that point.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-31 |title=東京大学、高リスク投資6割に 自主財源拡大へ基金積極運用 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOUB288FI0Y3A320C2000000/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref> The UTokyo Foundation is the primary fundraising arm of the university, and it accepts both endowments for the university as a whole and purpose-specific donations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=en {{!}} 東京大学基金 |url=http://utf.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=utf.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

UTokyo's tuition fees have been fixed at 535,000 yen annually for undergraduates and master's students since 2005, regardless of their status (whether domestic or international).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuition fees from next year |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/focus/ja/press/p01_170125_02.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> This makes up approximately 5% of the university's income. However, the decline in government funding and the university's international standing have brought about discussions on whether to raise these fees.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-10 |title=UTokyo President 'Considers Tuition Fee Rises' |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOUE102GY0Q4A610C2000000/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=[[The Nikkei]] |language=ja}}</ref>