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==Deepest mines== {{main|List of deepest mines}} * The deepest mines in the world are the [[Mponeng Gold Mine|Mponeng]] and [[TauTona]] (Western Deep Levels) [[Gold mining|gold]] mines in the [[Witwatersrand]] region of South Africa, which are currently working at depths exceeding {{convert|3900|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2009 |title=TauTona, Anglo Gold, South Africa |url=http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/tautona_goldmine/ |access-date=2009-05-01 |archive-date=2019-05-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512170710/https://www.mining-technology.com/projects/tautona_goldmine/ |url-status=live }}</ref> * The deepest inactive mine in Asia is the [[Kolar Gold Fields|Kolar]] in the [[Karnataka]] region of India. Closed in 2001, the main shaft had reached a depth of {{convert|10560|ft|m|abbr=on}}.<br />This region is also the location of the harshest conditions for hard rock mining, with air temperatures of up to {{convert|45|°C}}. However, massive refrigeration plants are used to bring the temperature down to around {{convert|28|°C}}. * The deepest inactive hard rock mine in North America is the [[Empire Mine State Historic Park|Empire mine]] in Grass Valley California. Closed in 1956 the main shaft had reached an incline depth of {{convert|11007|ft|m|abbr=on}}. The combined length of all shafts is {{convert|367|miles|km}}. * The deepest active hard rock mine in North America is [[Kidd Mine]] in Canada, which mines [[zinc]] and [[copper]] in [[Timmins]], [[Ontario]]. At the maximum depth of {{convert|9889|ft|m}} this mine is the deepest [[base metal]] mine in the world, and its low surface elevation means that the bottom of the mine is the deepest accessible non-marine point on earth.<ref name=godkincmj>{{cite news |author= Godkin, David |url= http://www.canadianminingjournal.com/features/being-safe-is-no-accident/ |title= Being safe is no accident |date= 1 February 2014 |newspaper= Canadian Mining Journal |access-date= 19 February 2020 |archive-date= 19 July 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190719045426/http://www.canadianminingjournal.com/features/being-safe-is-no-accident/ |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kiddoperations.ca/EN/Pages/home.aspx|title=Home | Kidd Operations|access-date=2020-02-19|archive-date=2020-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302114244/https://www.kiddoperations.ca/en/Pages/home.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[Agnico Eagle Mines Limited#LaRonde gold mine|LaRonde's]] Penna shaft (#3 shaft) is believed to be the deepest single lift shaft in the Western Hemisphere. The new #4 shaft bottoms out at {{convert|2840|m|ft|abbr=on}} down. LaRonde mine expansion was completed in June 2016 at the depth of {{convert|3008|m|ft|abbr=on}}, the deepest longhole open stopes in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.agnicoeagle.com/English/operations/operations/laronde/default.aspx|title=Agnico Eagle Mines Limited - Operations - Operations - LaRonde Complex|website=www.agnicoeagle.com|access-date=2022-02-01|archive-date=2022-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201173228/https://www.agnicoeagle.com/English/operations/operations/laronde/default.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> * The deepest active mine in Eurasia and in Asia is Skalisty Mine of [[Nornickel]], located in [[Talnakh]]. In September 2018 it reaches depth of {{convert|2056|m|ft|abbr=on}} below surface.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nornickel.com/news-and-media/press-releases-and-news/skalisty-mine-reaches-design-depth-of-2-056-m-below-surface/?redirect_url=/news-and-media/press-releases-and-news/ | title=Skalisty mine reaches design depth of 2,056 m below surface – Nornickel }}</ref> * The deepest mine in Europe is the 16th shaft of the uranium mines in [[Příbram]], [[Czech Republic]] at {{convert|1838|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="DeepestEurope">{{cite news |title=Mineral deposits: from their origin to their environmental impacts |year=1995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o-WkCSk4jbkC&q=uranium+mines+in+P%C5%99%C3%ADbram+1838&pg=PA400 |publisher= Taylor & Francis|isbn = 978-9054105503}}</ref> * The deepest hard rock mines in Australia are the [[copper]] and [[zinc]] [[lead]] mines in [[Mount Isa]], [[Queensland]] at {{convert|1800|m|ft|abbr=on}}. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mt Isa |url=https://www.larvottoresources.com/projects/mt-isa-copper/ |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=Larvotto Resources Limited |language=en}}</ref> * The deepest [[platinum]]-[[palladium]] mines in the world are on the [[Merensky Reef]], in South Africa, with a resource of 203 million [[troy ounce]]s, currently worked to a depth of approximately {{convert|2200|m|ft|abbr=on}}.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}} * The deepest [[borehole]] is the [[Kola Superdeep Borehole]] in [[Murmansk Oblast]], Russia. At {{convert|12262|m|ft|abbr=on}}, it is the deepest artificial [[Extreme points of Earth|extreme point of Earth]].<!--This is not a mine at all, but interesting for comparison-->
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