Editing Turkish Airlines (section)

==Incidents and accidents==
In its history, Turkish Airlines has suffered a total of 19 incidents and accidents of which 15 were fatal. A total of 68 crew, 835 passengers and 35 people on the ground have been killed.
* On 17 February 1959, a [[Vickers Viscount variants|Vickers Viscount Type 793]], registration TC-SEV, operating a charter flight carrying [[Prime Minister of Turkey|Turkish Prime Minister]] [[Adnan Menderes]] and a governmental delegation to [[London]] for the signing of the [[London-Zürich Agreements]], [[1959 Gatwick Turkish Airlines Viscount crash|crashed in dense fog on approach]] to [[London Gatwick Airport]]. Nine of the sixteen passengers and five of the eight crew lost their lives. Adnan Menderes, who was sitting in the back part of the aircraft, survived the accident.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19590217-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Accident description |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=23 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061847/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19590217-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 23 September 1961, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 835]], a [[Fokker F27-100]] registered as TC-TAY, crashed at Karanlıktepe in [[Ankara Province]] on approach to [[Esenboğa Airport]]. All of the four crew and 24 of the 25 passengers on board were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610923-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 100 TC-TAY Ankara |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=27 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427190134/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19610923-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 8 March 1962, a [[Fairchild F-27]], registration TC-KOP, [[1962 Turkish Airlines Taurus Mountains crash|crashed]] into the [[Taurus Mountains]] on approach to [[Adana Şakirpaşa Airport]]. All three crew and all eight passengers on board died.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19620308-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Fokker F-27 Friendship 100 TC-KOP Taurus Mts |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025181210/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19620308-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 3 February 1964, a [[C-47 Skytrain|Douglas C-47]], registered as TC-ETI, on a domestic cargo flight, flew into terrain whilst on approach to [[Esenboğa Airport]], Ankara. All three crew members on board were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19640203-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Douglas C-47A-5-DK TC-ETI Ankara-Esenboga |access-date=11 October 2009 |archive-date=7 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707142054/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19640203-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 2 February 1969, a [[Vickers Viscount variants|Vickers Viscount Type 794]], registered as TC-SET, crashed on approach to [[Esenboğa International Airport|Esenboğa Airport]]. There were no casualties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19690202-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=11 September 2009 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025095822/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19690202-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 26 January 1974, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 301]], a [[Fokker F28-1000]] registered as TC-JAO crashed shortly after takeoff from [[Adnan Menderes Airport|Izmir Cumaovası Airport]] due to [[atmospheric icing]] on the wings. The aircraft disintegrated and caught fire, killing four of the five crew and 62 of the 68 passengers on board.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740126-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000 TC-JAO Izmir-Cumaovası Airport (ADB) |access-date=3 October 2009 |archive-date=27 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427121442/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740126-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 3 March 1974, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 981]], a [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]] registered as TC-JAV, crashed into [[Ermenonville Forest]], [[Fontaine-Chaalis]], [[Oise]], [[France]], due to [[explosive decompression]], killing all 335 passengers and 11 crew on board. The main cause was a design fault on the cargo doors of the [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]] which led to incomplete engagement of the door locking mechanism on the aircraft in question, and consequent opening of one door in flight.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740303-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Accident description |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=19 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019221854/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740303-1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=03031974&reg=TC-JAV&airline=Turkish+Airlines |website=Airdisaster.com |title=Accident Database |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228033205/http://www.airdisaster.com/cgi-bin/view_details.cgi?date=03031974&reg=TC-JAV&airline=Turkish+Airlines |archive-date=28 February 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* On 30 January 1975, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 345]], a [[Fokker F28-1000]] registration TC-JAP, crashed into the [[Sea of Marmara]] during final approach to [[Istanbul Atatürk Airport|Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport]]. All four crew and all 38 passengers on board the aircraft were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19750130-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000 TC-JAP Istanbul-Yeşilköy Airport (IST) [Marmara Sea] |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=7 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507225940/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19750130-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 19 September 1976, a [[Boeing 727-200]] registered as TC-JBH operating [[Turkish Airlines Flight 452]] from [[Istanbul Atatürk Airport|Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport]] to [[Antalya Airport]] struck high ground in the Karatepe Mountains during an attempted landing in [[Isparta]] instead of [[Antalya]] by pilot error. All eight crew and 146 people on board the aircraft perished in the accident.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760919-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Boeing 727-2F2 TC-JBH Isparta |access-date=27 September 2009 |archive-date=16 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016114452/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760919-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 23 December 1979, a [[Fokker F28-1000]], registration TC-JAT, on a flight from [[Samsun-Çarşamba Airport]] to [[Esenboğa International Airport|Esenboğa Airport]], [[1979 Turkish Airlines Ankara crash|struck a hill]] in Kuyumcuköy village in [[Çubuk]], [[Ankara]], {{convert|32|km|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of its destination airport in severe [[Clear-air turbulence|turbulence]]. Three of the four crew and 38 of the 41 passengers on board were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19791223-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Aircraft accident Fokker F-28 Fellowship 1000 TC-JAT Ankara-Esenboğa Airport (ESB) |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=19 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110319023812/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19791223-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 16 January 1983, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 158]], a [[Boeing 727-200]] registered as TC-JBR, landed about 50&nbsp;m (160&nbsp;ft) short of the runway at [[Esenboğa International Airport|Esenboğa Airport]] in driving snow, broke up and caught fire. All of the seven crew survived; however, of the 60 passengers on board, 47 were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830116-1 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-2F2 TC-JBR Ankara-Esenboga Airport (ESB) |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=30 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630152042/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830116-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 29 December 1994, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 278]], a [[Boeing 737-400]] registration TC-JES, crashed during its final approach to [[Van Ferit Melen Airport]] in driving snow. Five of the seven crew and 52 of the 69 passengers died.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19941229-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Accident description |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920001341/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19941229-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 7 April 1999, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 5904]], a [[Boeing 737-400]] registered as TC-JEP on a repositioning flight, crashed near [[Ceyhan]], [[Adana]] shortly after taking off from [[Adana Şakirpaşa Airport]]. There were no passengers on board, but all six crew members perished in the accident.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19990407-0 |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Accident description |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=7 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307183056/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19990407-0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 8 January 2003, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 634]], an [[BAE 146|Avro RJ-100]] registration TC-THG, crashed on approach to [[Diyarbakır Airport]], [[Turkey]]. Of the 80 people on board, all five crew and 70 passengers were killed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20030108-1&lang=en |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |title=Accident |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=22 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022060906/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20030108-1&lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 3 October 2006, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 1476]] en route from [[Tirana]], [[Albania]] to [[Istanbul]] was hijacked by Turkish citizen Hakan Ekinci in Greek airspace. The hijacker surrendered after a forced landing in Brindisi, Italy.<ref name="CNN 3">{{cite news
| title = Hijacker 'threatened to blow up jet'
| url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/10/04/turkey.hijack.reut/index.html
| publisher = CNN
| date = 4 October 2006
| access-date = 7 October 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061103113950/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/10/04/turkey.hijack.reut/index.html|archive-date = 3 November 2006}}</ref>
* On 25 February 2009, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 1951]], a [[Boeing 737-800]] registered as TC-JGE carrying 128 passengers and a crew of 7, crashed during final approach to [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol]], [[Netherlands]]. It was determined that a faulty [[radar altimeter]] caused the aircraft to throttle the engines back to idle and that the crew subsequently failed to react properly which resulted in an unrecoverable stall and the subsequent crash. Of the 135 people on board, nine people, including the three pilots, were killed. Eighty-six more people were transported to local hospitals.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7909683.stm |work=BBC News |title=Turkish plane crash in Amsterdam |date=25 February 2009 |access-date=28 March 2010 |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330171059/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7909683.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/dutch-crash-idINLDE6450Y020100506 |work=Reuters |title=Faulty altimeter led to plane's reduced speed |date=6 May 2010 |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402161233/https://in.reuters.com/article/dutch-crash-idINLDE6450Y020100506 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/faulty-altimeter-contributed-to-turkish-airlines-crash-officials-1.829684 |work=CBC News |title=Faulty altimeter contributed to Turkish Airlines crash: officials |date=4 March 2009 |access-date=26 January 2020 |archive-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804012039/https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/faulty-altimeter-contributed-to-turkish-airlines-crash-officials-1.829684 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7923782.stm |work=BBC News |title=Altimeter 'had role' in air crash |date=4 March 2009 |access-date=11 April 2009 |archive-date=15 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315053147/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7923782.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 3 March 2015, Turkish Airlines Flight 726 departed the runway on landing at [[Tribhuvan International Airport]], [[Kathmandu]], Nepal. The [[Airbus A330|Airbus A330-300]] operating the flight, TC-JOC, was severely damaged when its nose gear collapsed, causing damage to the fuselage and both wings. All 227 passengers and 11 crew members on board escaped with one injury reported.<ref name=AH482a5e9e>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=482a5e9e&opt=0 |title=Accident: THY A333 at Kathmandu on Mar 4th 2015, runway excursion and nose gear collapse |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |publisher=The Aviation Herald |date=4 March 2015 |access-date=5 March 2015 |archive-date=30 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230104557/http://avherald.com/h?article=482a5e9e&opt=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> The aircraft was scrapped afterwards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airporthaber.com/thy-haberleri/thynin-gobeklitepe-ucagi-parcalandi.html|title=THY'nin "Göbeklitepe" uçağı parçalandı|date=22 December 2016|website=www.airporthaber.com}}</ref>
* On 25 April 2015, Turkish Airlines Flight 1878, an [[Airbus A320|Airbus A320-200]] TC-JPE was severely damaged in a landing accident at [[Istanbul Atatürk Airport]]. All on board were successfully evacuated without any injuries reported.<ref name=AH48546eb6>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=48546eb6&opt=0 |title=Accident: THY A320 at Istanbul on Apr 25th 2015, hard landing, go-around, engine problem, gear problem, gear collapse, runway excursion |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |publisher=Aviation Herald |access-date=25 April 2015 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923181220/http://www.avherald.com/h?article=48546eb6&opt=0 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* On 16 January 2017, [[Turkish Airlines Flight 6491]], a [[Boeing 747-400F|Boeing 747-412F]] operated for Turkish Airlines under [[Aircraft lease#Wet lease|wet lease]] from [[ACT Airlines]], crashed into a residential area upon attempting landing in [[Manas International Airport]] in [[Bishkek]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], killing all four crew members and 35 people on the ground.<ref name="BTA - 17-01-17">{{cite web|title=Belarus' First Deputy Foreign Minister signs Book of Condolences at Kyrgyzstan's embassy|url=http://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-first-deputy-foreign-minister-signs-book-of-condolences-at-kyrgyzstans-embassy-98008-2017/|website=Belarusin Telegraph Agency|date=17 January 2017|access-date=17 January 2017|archive-date=18 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052317/http://eng.belta.by/society/view/belarus-first-deputy-foreign-minister-signs-book-of-condolences-at-kyrgyzstans-embassy-98008-2017/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 747-412F TC-MCL Bishkek-Manas International Airport (FRU)|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20170116-0|access-date=16 January 2017|work=Aviation Safety Network|date=16 January 2017|archive-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502082455/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20170116-0|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hradecky|first1=Simon|title=Crash: MyCargo B744 at Bishkek on Jan 16th 2017, impacted terrain on go around|url=http://avherald.com/h?article=4a38d07d&opt=0|access-date=16 January 2017|work=The Aviation Herald|date=16 January 2017|archive-date=10 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010103624/http://avherald.com/h?article=4a38d07d|url-status=live}}</ref> In response, Turkish Airlines released a statement on [[Twitter]] that neither plane nor crew were theirs, calling it an "ACT Airlines accident".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/TurkishAirlines/status/820892696835457024|title=Regarding the ACT Airlines accident in Kyrgyzstan|last=@TurkishAirlines|date=16 January 2017|website=[[Twitter]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117093529/https://twitter.com/TurkishAirlines/status/820892696835457024|archive-date=17 January 2017}}</ref> However, the flight was still operated under a Turkish Airlines flight number, making it a Turkish Airlines flight under [[International Air Transport Association|IATA]] rules.
* On 21 November 2019, Turkish Airlines Flight 467, a [[Boeing 737-800]], suffered a nose gear collapse while attempting to land in heavy crosswinds at [[Odesa International Airport]] in [[Ukraine]]. All passengers and crew were deplaned using emergency slides without injury.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/turkish-airlines-boeing-737-crash-lands-in-odessa-ukraine-2019-11|title=A Turkish Airlines Boeing 737 crashed off the runway when its front wheels collapsed during a bad weather landing|first=Sahar|last=Esfandiari|website=Business Insider|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-date=23 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191123140733/https://www.businessinsider.com/turkish-airlines-boeing-737-crash-lands-in-odessa-ukraine-2019-11|url-status=live}}</ref> The aircraft, TC-JGZ, was declared a hull loss and scrapping was commenced in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airturkhaber.com/haberler/tc-jgz-icin-karar-verildi/|title=Odessa'da pistten çıkan THY uçağı için karar verildi|first=Ege Buğra|last=Özen|date=2 March 2020}}</ref>