Editing Trofim Lysenko (section)

===Sowing over stover===
Soviet literature of the 1940s-50s and Lysenko's supporters credit him with a number of achievements, including the idea of sowing over [[stover]] to protect winter crops from frost.<ref name="washniil"/><ref>{{cite web | title=газета "Дуэль" : политика экономика Россия поединок история цензура демократия борьба общество идея | website=duel.ru | date=2007-03-21 | url=http://www.duel.ru/199832/?32_6_1 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502172932/http://www.duel.ru/199832/?32_6_1 | archive-date=2008-05-02 | url-status=dead | access-date=2024-05-13}}</ref>

In 1943, Lysenko stated:<ref>{{cite web | title=Т.Д.Лысенко «Ближайшие задачи советской сельскохозяйственной науки», 1942 г. | website=Лысенкоизм.Народ.Ру | url=https://lysenkoism.narod.ru/lysenko_timiryazev_1943.htm | language=ru | access-date=2024-05-13}}</ref>
{{blockquote|Stover 25-30 cm in height protects the above-ground parts of plants from the destructive mechanical action of the wind. The stubble retains snow, which also protects plants not only from frost, but also from the action of winds. Unplowed, unloosened soil has almost no large voids. Therefore, on stover crops, large ice crystals are not observed in the soil, which have a detrimental effect, damaging the roots and tillering nodes of winter plants.}}

Sowing over stover, despite the advantages of the method (snow retention and better temperature conditions for wintering plant seeds in Siberian conditions), was criticized for clogging fields with weeds, since this excludes conventional agricultural technology - surface plowing, which provokes the germination of weeds, and subsequent spring plowing. In the absence of herbicides at that time, this led to clogging of fields.<ref>{{cite web | last=Shkrob | first=A.M. | title=VIVOS VOCO: Ю.Н. Вавилов, "Август 1948. Предыстория" | website=VIVOS VOCO! | date=2016-01-01 | url=http://vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/PAPERS/MEN/LYSENKO.HTM | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020053107/http://vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/PAPERS/MEN/LYSENKO.HTM | archive-date=2012-10-20 | url-status=live | language=ru | access-date=2024-05-13}}</ref>

{{ill|Nikolai Tsitsin|ru|Цицин, Николай Васильевич}}, in a letter to Stalin dated 2 February 1948, noted the low grain yield in stubble crops:<ref name="vestnik">{{cite web | title=Вестник Российской Академии наук том 68, № 12 | website=ras.ru | date=2015-09-24 | url=http://www.ras.ru/FStorage/download.aspx?Id=3c0f914b-aec5-4100-9cf7-1289687b7d3f | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140110190345/http://www.ras.ru/FStorage/download.aspx?Id=3c0f914b-aec5-4100-9cf7-1289687b7d3f | archive-date=2014-01-10 | url-status=dead | access-date=2024-05-13}}</ref>
{{blockquote|In 1944, in seven registered districts of the Novosibirsk region, the average yield of winter rye stubble was 3.6 c/ha. In the same year in the Chelyabinsk region, the average rye yield was equal to very poor fallows - 4.3 c/ha; for fresh September plowing - 2.6 c/ha; for stover - 1.8 c/ha. In the same year, for all state farms of the Omsk Grain Trust of the Ministry of State Farms, the stover yield was also very low; — it was equal to 11.1 c/ha for fallows and 5.1 c/ha for stover. ... In 1945, in one of the best state farms in the Omsk region, “Lesnoy”, from an area of winter wheat crops of 91 hectares, sown according to all the rules recommended by Academician Lysenko, only 6 centners of grain were collected, that is, an average of 7 kg per hectare, as well as several huge stacks of weeds, which, by the way, had become seeded in their mass by the time of harvesting. In the same year, on the neighboring state farm “Boevoy”, all 67 hectares of stover crops of winter wheat were completely destroyed. Finally, last year, 1946, at the same Siberian Research Institute, headed by Academician Lysenko, out of 150 [ha] of stover crops, 112 hectares were plowed, since only one weed was born on them.}}

Citing negative examples of stover crops, Tsitsin explained positive examples by the fact that "in the harsh conditions of Siberia, there are occasionally exceptionally favorable years." In general, he considered work on stover unpromising, considering instead that work to increase the winter hardiness of grains with wheatgrass-wheat hybrids, distant hybridization with wild plants, and the use of fallows and semi-cultivated fallows were more justified.<ref name="vestnik"/>