Editing Sulawesi (section)

===Mammals===
Early in the Pleistocene, Sulawesi had a [[dwarf elephant]] and a [[insular dwarfism|dwarf]] form of ''[[Stegodon]]'', (an elephant relative, ''S. sompoensis'');<ref name="Corlett2010" /> later both were replaced by larger forms.<ref name = "Aziz2000">{{cite journal| last= Aziz | first= F. | title= The Pleistocene Endemic Fauna of the Indonesian Archipelago | journal= Tropics | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= 135–143 | date= 2000-05-30 | url= https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tropics/10/1/10_1_135/_pdf | access-date = 2018-05-04| doi= 10.3759/tropics.10.135 | doi-access= free }}</ref><ref name="Morwood2016" /> A giant [[Suidae|suid]], ''[[Celebochoerus]]'', was also formerly present.<ref name="Metcalfe2001">{{cite book|editor1=Metcalfe, I.|editor2=Smith, J. M.B.|editor3=Morwood, M.|editor4= Davidson, I.|author= Groves C.|author-link= Colin Groves|title= Faunal and Floral Migration and Evolution in SE Asia-Australasia|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Fp-l8IEAFHQC|chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Fp-l8IEAFHQC&pg=PA333|chapter= Mammals in Sulawesi: Where did they come from and when, and what happened to them when they got there?|pages= 333–342|date=1 June 2001|publisher=CRC Press|isbn= 978-90-5809-349-3}}</ref> It is thought that many of the migrants to Sulawesi arrived via the [[Philippines]], while Sulawesi in turn served as a way station for migrants to [[Flores]].<ref>Morwood & van Oosterzee (2016), [https://books.google.com/books?id=yRCmDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA147 p. 147]</ref> A Pleistocene faunal turnover is recognized, with the competitive displacement of several indigenous tarsiers by more recently arriving ones and of ''[[Celebochoerus]]'' by other medium-sized herbivores like the [[babirusa]], [[anoa]] and [[Celebes warty pig]].<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Frantz | first1 = Laurent A. F. | last2 = Rudzinski | first2 = Anna | last3 = Mansyursyah Surya Nugraha | first3 = Abang | last4 = Evin | first4 = Allowen | last5 = Burton | first5 = James | last6 = Hulme-Beaman | first6 = Ardern | last7 = Linderholm | first7 = Anna | last8 = Barnett | first8 = Ross | last9 = Vega | first9 = Rodrigo | last10 = Irving-Pease | first10 = Evan K. | last11 = Haile | first11 = James | last12 = Allen | first12 = Richard | last13 = Leus | first13 = Kristin | last14 = Shephard | first14 = Jill | last15 = Hillyer | first15 = Mia | last16 = Gillemot | first16 = Sarah | last17 = van den Hurk | first17 = Jeroen | last18 = Ogle | first18 = Sharron | last19 = Atofanei | first19 = Cristina | last20 = Thomas | first20 = Mark G. | last21 = Johansson | first21 = Friederike | last22 = Haris Mustari | first22 = Abdul | last23 = Williams | first23 = John | last24 = Mohamad | first24 = Kusdiantoro | last25 = Siska Damayanti | first25 = Chandramaya | last26 = Djuwita Wiryadi | first26 = Ita | last27 = Obbles | first27 = Dagmar | last28 = Mona | first28 = Stephano | last29 = Day | first29 = Hally | last30 = Yasin | first30 = Muhammad | last31 = Meker | first31 = Stefan | last32 = McGuire | first32 = Jimmy A. | last33 = Evans | first33 = Ben J. | last34 = von Rintelen | first34 = Thomas | last35 = Ho | first35 = Simon Y. W. | last36 = Searle | first36 = Jeremy B. | last37 = Kitchener | first37 = Andrew C. | last38 = Macdonald | first38 = Alastair A. | last39 = Shaw | first39 = Darren J. | last40 = Hall | first40 = Robert | last41 = Galbusera | first41 = Peter | last42 = Larson | first42 = Greger | year = 2018| title = Synchronous diversification of Sulawesi's iconic artiodactyls driven by recent geological events | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | volume = 285 | issue = 1876| page = 20172566 | doi = 10.1098/rspb.2017.2566 | pmid = 29643207 | pmc = 5904307 }}</ref>
[[File:Hirscheber1a.jpg|thumb|The [[north Sulawesi babirusa]] is endemic to Sulawesi.]]

There are 127 known extant native mammalian species in Sulawesi. A large percentage, 62% (79 species) are [[Endemism|endemic]], meaning that they are found nowhere else in the world. The largest of these are the two species of [[anoa]] or dwarf buffalo. Other artiodactyl species inhabiting Sulawesi are the [[Celebes warty pig|warty pig]] and the [[babirusas]], which are aberrant pigs. The only native [[carnivora]]n is the [[Sulawesi palm civet]]<ref name="Metcalfe2001" /> ([[Asian palm civet|Asian palm]] and [[Malayan civet|Malayan]] civets have been introduced<ref name= "Macrogalidia_iucn">{{Cite iucn | author = Tasirin, J. | author2 = Dinets, V. | author3 = Meijaard, E. | author4 = Brodie, J. | author5 = Nijman, V. | author6 = Loffeld, T.A.C. | author7 = Hilser, H. | author8 = Shepherd, C. | author9 = Seymour, A.S. | author10 = Duckworth, J.W. | name-list-style = amp | title = ''Macrogalidia musschenbroekii'' | volume = 2015 | page = e.T12592A45198901 | date = 2015 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T12592A45198901.en | access-date = 5 May 2018}}</ref>). Primates present include a number of [[nocturnal]] [[tarsier]]s (''[[Tarsius fuscus|T. fuscus]]'', [[Dian's tarsier|Dian's]], [[Gursky's spectral tarsier|Gursky's]], [[Jatna's tarsier|Jatna's]], [[Wallace's tarsier|Wallace's]], the [[Lariang tarsier|Lariang]] and [[pygmy tarsier|pygmy]] tarsiers) as well as [[Diurnality|diurnal]] [[macaque]]s ([[Heck's macaque|Heck's]], the [[booted macaque|booted]], [[Celebes crested macaque|crested black]], [[Gorontalo macaque|Gorontalo]], [[moor macaque|moor]], and [[Tonkean macaque|Tonkean]] macaques). While most of Sulawesi's mammals are [[Eutheria|placental]] and have Asian relatives, several species of [[cuscus]], arboreal [[marsupials]] of Australasian origin, are also present (''[[Ailurops ursinus]]'' and ''[[Strigocuscus celebensis]]'', which are diurnal and nocturnal, respectively).

Sulawesi is home to a large number of endemic [[rodent]] genera. [[Muridae|Murid]] rodent genera endemic to Sulawesi and immediately adjacent islands (such as the [[Togian Islands]], [[Buton|Buton Island]], and [[Muna Island]]) are ''[[Bunomys]]'', ''[[Echiothrix]]'', ''[[Margaretamys]]'', ''[[Taeromys]]'' and ''[[Tateomys]]'' as well as the single-species genera ''[[Eropeplus]]'', ''[[Hyorhinomys]]'', ''[[Melasmothrix]]'', ''[[Paucidentomys]]'', ''[[Paruromys]]'', ''[[Sommeromys]]'' and the [[semiaquatic]] ''[[Waiomys]]''. All nine [[Sciuridae|sciurid]]s are from three endemic genera, ''[[Hyosciurus]]'', ''[[Prosciurillus]]'' and ''[[Rubrisciurus]]''.

While over 20 bat species are present on Sulawesi, only a portion of these are endemic: ''[[Rhinolophus]] [[Rhinolophus tatar|tatar]]'', ''[[Scotophilus celebensis]]'' and the [[megabat]]s ''[[Acerodon celebensis]]'', ''[[Boneia bidens]]'', ''[[Dobsonia exoleta]]'', ''[[Harpyionycteris celebensis]]'', ''[[Neopteryx frosti]]'', ''[[Rousettus celebensis]]'' and ''[[Styloctenium wallacei]]''.

Several endemic shrews, the [[Sulawesi shrew]], [[Sulawesi tiny shrew]] and the [[Sulawesi white-handed shrew]], are found on the island.

Sulawesi has no [[gliding mammal]]s, being situated between Borneo with its [[Sunda flying lemur|colugo]]s and [[flying squirrel]]s, and Halmahera with its [[sugar glider]]s.