Editing Sudan (section)

=== Environmental issues ===
[[File:Water_Stress,_Top_Countries_(2020).svg|thumb|upright=1.4|Sudan is the thirteenth most water stressed country in the world.]]
[[Desertification]] is a serious problem in Sudan.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://iddcs.uofk.edu/index.php?direction=ltr&lang=en |title= Desertification & Desert Cultivation Studies Institute |publisher= University of Khartoum |date= n.d. |access-date= 31 May 2013 |archive-date= 24 May 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130524140548/http://iddcs.uofk.edu/index.php?direction=ltr&lang=en |url-status= dead }}</ref> There is also concern over [[soil erosion]]. [[Agricultural expansion]], both public and private, has proceeded without [[Conservation movement|conservation]] measures. The consequences have manifested themselves in the form of [[deforestation]], soil desiccation, and the lowering of [[soil fertility]] and the [[water table]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80044e/80044E06.htm |title=Soil conservation and land reclamation in the Sudan |publisher=United Nations University |date=n.d. |access-date=26 June 2010 |archive-date=28 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528013406/http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80044e/80044E06.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The nation's wildlife is threatened by poaching. As of 2001, twenty-one mammal species and nine bird species are endangered, as well as two species of plants. Critically endangered species include: the [[northern bald ibis|waldrapp]], [[northern white rhinoceros]], [[tora hartebeest]], [[rhim gazelle|slender-horned gazelle]], and [[hawksbill turtle]]. The [[Scimitar oryx|Sahara oryx]] has become extinct in the wild.<ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=January 2011|reason=appear to be user-generated site; how are entries vetted?}} {{cite encyclopedia |url= http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Sudan-ENVIRONMENT.html |title=Sudan – Environment |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Nations |date=n.d. |access-date=13 January 2011}}</ref>