Editing Steroid (section)

=== Alternative pathways ===
In plants and bacteria, the [[non-mevalonate pathway]] (MEP pathway) uses [[Pyruvic acid|pyruvate]] and [[glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate]] as substrates to produce IPP and DMAPP.<ref name="pmid12735695"/><ref name="pmid15012203">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lichtenthaler HK | title = The 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants | journal = Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology | volume = 50 | pages = 47–65 | date = Jun 1999 | pmid = 15012203 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.47 }}</ref>

During diseases pathways otherwise not significant in healthy humans can become utilized. For example, in one form of [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia]] a [[congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency|deficiency in the 21-hydroxylase enzymatic pathway]] leads to an excess of [[17α-Hydroxyprogesterone]] (17-OHP) – this pathological excess of 17-OHP in turn may be converted to [[dihydrotestosterone]] (DHT, a potent androgen) through among others [[CYP17A1|17,20 Lyase]] (a member of the [[cytochrome P450]] family of enzymes), [[5α-Reductase]] and [[3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase]].<ref name="pmid20671993">{{cite journal | pmc = 2910408 | pmid=20671993 | doi=10.1155/2010/625105 | volume=2010 | title=Nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia | journal= International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology| pages=1–11 | vauthors=Witchel SF, Azziz R| year=2010 | doi-access=free }}</ref>