Editing Scottish Gaelic (section)

====Canada====
{{main|Canadian Gaelic}}

In the nineteenth century, Canadian Gaelic was the third-most widely spoken European language in [[British North America]]<ref name="scots">{{cite web|last=Bumstead |first=J.M |year=2006 |title=Scots |url=http://multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z/s2/12 |publisher=Multicultural Canada |access-date=30 August 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226073110/http://www.multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z/s2/12| quote = By 1850 Gaelic was the third most commonly spoken European language in British North America. It was spoken by as many as 200,000 British North Americans of both Scottish and Irish origin as either a first or a second language.|archive-date=26 December 2012 }}</ref> and Gaelic-speaking immigrant communities could be found throughout what is modern-day Canada. Gaelic poets in Canada produced a significant literary tradition.<ref name="seanchaidh">{{cite book|last=Newton|first=Michael|title=Seanchaidh na Coille / Memory-Keeper of the Forest: Anthology of Scottish Gaelic Literature of Canada|publisher=Cape Breton University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-1-77206-016-4}}</ref> The number of Gaelic-speaking individuals and communities declined sharply, however, after the First World War.<ref>Jonathan Dembling, "[https://www.academia.edu/11339666/Gaelic_in_Canada_New_Evidence_from_an_Old_Census Gaelic in Canada: New Evidence from an Old Census] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121075713/http://www.academia.edu/11339666/Gaelic_in_Canada_New_Evidence_from_an_Old_Census |date=21 November 2017 }}", Paper read at the 3rd biannual Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig, University of Edinburgh, 21–23 July 2004, in: ''Cànan & Cultar / Language & Culture: Rannsachadh na Gàidhlig 3'', edited by Wilson MacLeod, James E. Fraser & Anja Gunderloch (Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press, 2006), pp. 203–214, {{ISBN|978-1903765-60-9|}}.</ref>

===== Nova Scotia =====

[[File:AntigonishNovaScotia.jpg|thumb|right|[[Antigonish]], [[Nova Scotia]]]]

At the start of the 21st century, it was estimated that no more than 500 people in Nova Scotia still spoke Scottish Gaelic as a [[first language]]. In the 2011 census, 300 people claimed to have Gaelic as their first language (a figure that may include Irish Gaelic).<ref name="Curatorial Report No. 97">{{cite web |last1=Kennedy |first1=Michael |title=Gaelic Nova Scotia – An Economic, Cultural, and Social Impact Study |url=https://gaelic.novascotia.ca/sites/default/files/files/Gaelic-Report.pdf |publisher=Nova Scotia Museum |access-date=13 January 2019 |pages=114–115 |date=2002 |archive-date=11 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011125127/https://gaelic.novascotia.ca/sites/default/files/files/Gaelic-Report.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In the same 2011 census, 1,275 people claimed to speak Gaelic, a figure that not only included all Gaelic languages but also those people who are not first language speakers,<ref>Statistics Canada, ''[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E Nova Scotia (Code 12)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423074023/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E |date=23 April 2020 }}'' (table), ''National Household Survey (NHS) Profile'', 2011 NHS, Catalogue <abbr>№</abbr> 99-004-XWE (Ottawa: September 11, 2013).<br /></ref> of whom 300 claim to have Gaelic as their "mother tongue."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patten |first1=Melanie |title=Rebirth of a 'sleeping' language: How N.S. is reviving its Gaelic culture |url=https://atlantic.ctvnews.ca/rebirth-of-a-sleeping-language-how-n-s-is-reviving-its-gaelic-culture-1.2797627 |website=Atlantic |access-date=12 July 2018 |language=en-CA |date=29 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713013924/https://atlantic.ctvnews.ca/rebirth-of-a-sleeping-language-how-n-s-is-reviving-its-gaelic-culture-1.2797627 |archive-date=13 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{efn|The replies are for all Gaelic languages, including [[Irish language|Irish]].<ref name="census">{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Nova%20Scotia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=12 |title=National Household Survey Profile, Nova Scotia, 2011 |publisher=Statistics Canada |date= 8 May 2013|access-date=15 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513084229/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Nova%20Scotia&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=12 |archive-date=13 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}

The Nova Scotia government maintains the Office of Gaelic Affairs ({{lang|gd|Iomairtean na Gàidhlig}}), which is dedicated to the development of Scottish Gaelic language, culture and tourism in Nova Scotia, and which estimates about 2,000 total Gaelic speakers to be in the province.<ref name="Province of Nova Scotia"/> As in Scotland, areas of North-Eastern Nova Scotia and Cape Breton have bilingual street signs. Nova Scotia also has {{lang|gd|Comhairle na Gàidhlig}} (The Gaelic Council of Nova Scotia), a non-profit society dedicated to the maintenance and promotion of the Gaelic language and culture in [[Maritime Canada]]. In 2018, the Nova Scotia government launched a new Gaelic vehicle licence plate to raise awareness of the language and help fund Gaelic language and culture initiatives.<ref name="plate">{{cite news|title=Nova Scotia unveils Gaelic licence plate, as it seeks to expand language|url=https://atlantic.ctvnews.ca/nova-scotia-unveils-gaelic-licence-plate-as-it-seeks-to-expand-language-1.3910559#_gus&_gucid=&_gup=Facebook&_gsc=sEr8tNZ|access-date=2 May 2018|work=Atlantic CTV News|agency=The Canadian Press|publisher=Bell Media|date=1 May 2018|language=en-CA|archive-date=16 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816082804/https://atlantic.ctvnews.ca/nova-scotia-unveils-gaelic-licence-plate-as-it-seeks-to-expand-language-1.3910559#_gus&_gucid=&_gup=Facebook&_gsc=sEr8tNZ|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2021, the first Gaelic-medium primary school outside of Scotland, named {{lang|gd|Taigh Sgoile na Drochaide}}, opened in Mabou, Nova Scotia.<ref name="primary">{{cite web|url=https://www.gaidhlig.scot/en/gaelic-education-in-nova-scotia/|title=Gaelic Medium Education in Nova Scotia|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=8 Sep 2021|publisher=Bòrd na Gàidhlig|access-date=8 Sep 2021|archive-date=8 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908183357/https://www.gaidhlig.scot/en/gaelic-education-in-nova-scotia/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===== Outside Nova Scotia =====
Maxville Public School in [[Maxville, Ontario|Maxville]], [[Glengarry County, Ontario|Glengarry]], [[Ontario]], offers Scottish Gaelic lessons weekly.<ref>{{Cite web|last=International|first=Radio Canada|date=2015-01-28|title=Gaelic language slowly gaining ground in Canada|url=https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2015/01/28/gaelic-language-slowly-gaining-ground-in-canada/|access-date=2020-06-09|website=RCI {{!}} English|language=en-US|archive-date=9 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609213435/https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2015/01/28/gaelic-language-slowly-gaining-ground-in-canada/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In [[Prince Edward Island]], the [[Colonel Gray High School]] now offers both an introductory and an advanced course in Gaelic; both language and history are taught in these classes. This is the first recorded time that Gaelic has ever been taught as an official course on Prince Edward Island.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2015-01-28 |title=Gaelic language slowly gaining ground in Canada |url=https://www.rcinet.ca/en/2015/01/28/gaelic-language-slowly-gaining-ground-in-canada/ |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=[[Radio Canada International]] |language=en-US}}</ref>

The province of [[British Columbia]] is host to the {{lang|gd|Comunn Gàidhlig Bhancoubhair}} (The Gaelic Society of Vancouver), the Vancouver Gaelic Choir, the Victoria Gaelic Choir, as well as the annual Gaelic festival {{lang|gd|Mòd}} ''Vancouver''. The city of [[Vancouver]]'s Scottish Cultural Centre also holds seasonal Scottish Gaelic evening classes.