Editing Rotterdam (section)

===History===
In 1898, the {{cvt|45|m|ft|adj=mid|abbr=off}} high-rise office building the White House (in Dutch [[Witte Huis]]) was completed, at that time the tallest office building in Europe.
In the first decades of the 20th century, some influential architecture in the modern style was built in Rotterdam. Notable are the [[Van Nelle Factory|Van Nelle fabriek]] (1929) a monument of modern factory design by [[Johannes Brinkman|Brinkman]] and [[Leendert van der Vlugt|Van der Vlugt]], the [[Art Nouveau|Jugendstil]] clubhouse of the [[Royal Maas Yacht Club]] designed by Hooijkaas jr. en Brinkman (1909), and [[Feyenoord]]'s football stadium [[De Kuip]] (1936) also by [[Johannes Brinkman|Brinkman]] and [[Leendert van der Vlugt|Van der Vlugt]]. The architect [[Jacobus Oud|J. J. P. Oud]] was a famous Rotterdammer in those days. The Van Nelle Factory obtained the status of UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]] in 2014.
During the early stages of [[World War II]] the centre of Rotterdam was [[Rotterdam Blitz|bombed]] by the German [[Luftwaffe]], destroying many of the older buildings in the centre of the city. After an initial crisis re-construction, the centre of Rotterdam has become the site of the ambitious new architecture.
[[File:Kubuswoningen in rotterdam.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Cube house|Cube Houses]], popularly known as the ''Blaak-forest'' in 2014]]
[[File:Markthal Rotterdam bij avond.jpg|thumb|The [[Market hall (Rotterdam)|Markthal]] at night as seen from the Binnenrotte]]
[[File:Euromast2.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Euromast]] in 2005]]

Rotterdam is also famous for its [[Lijnbaan]] 1952 by architects Broek en Bakema, Peperklip by architect Carel Weeber, Kubuswoningen or [[cube house]]s designed by architect [[Piet Blom]] 1984.

The newest landmark in Rotterdam is the [[Market hall (Rotterdam)|Markthal]], designed by architect firm [[MVRDV]]. In addition to that, there are many international well-known architects based in Rotterdam like [[Office for Metropolitan Architecture|O.M.A]] ([[Rem Koolhaas]]), [[Neutelings Riedijk Architects|Neutelings & Riedijk]] and [[Erick van Egeraat]] to name a few. Two architectural landmarks are located in the Lloydkwartier: the STC college building and the [[Schiecentrale|Schiecentrale 4b]]. The construction of the Depot of the [[Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen]] was started in 2003 and was officially opened by king Willem-Alexander on 5 November 2021. It is the world's first fully accessible art depot.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/10/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen |title=MVRDV - Depot Boijmans Van Beuningen |publisher=Mvrdv.nl |date= |accessdate=10 February 2022 |archive-date=10 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110131514/https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/10/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen |url-status=live }}</ref>[[File:Erasmusbrug across the Nieuwe Maas river.jpg|thumb|[[Erasmusbrug|Erasmus Bridge]] in 2011]]

[[File:Montevideo 2010.JPG|thumb|right|upright|The former headquarters of the [[Holland America Line]] next to modern residential architecture in 2010]]Rotterdam also houses several of the tallest structures in the Netherlands.
*The [[Erasmusbrug]] (1996) is a 790-meter (2,600&nbsp;ft) cable-stayed bridge linking the north and south of Rotterdam. It is held up by a {{cvt|138|m|ft}} tall pylon with a characteristic bend, earning the bridge its nickname 'De Zwaan' ('the Swan').
*Rotterdam has the tallest residential building in the Netherlands: the [[De Zalmhaven|De Zalmhaven Tower]] ({{cvt|215|m|ft|1}}).
*Rotterdam is also home to the tallest office building '[[Maastoren]]' ({{cvt|164.75|m|ft|disp=or}}) which houses [[Deloitte]]. This office tower surpassed the 'Delftse Poort' ({{cvt|160|m|ft|disp=or}}) which houses Nationale-Nederlanden insurance company, part of [[ING Group]] as tallest office tower in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |title=ING building brief |url=http://inghouse.ing.com/intra/eng/buildings/delftsepoort.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050308113741/http://inghouse.ing.com/intra/eng/buildings/delftsepoort.html |archive-date=8 March 2005 |access-date=15 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Emporis Maastoren |url=http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=maastoren-rotterdam-nestreetrlands |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106054009/http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=maastoren-rotterdam-nestreetrlands |url-status=usurped |archive-date=6 November 2012 |access-date=3 April 2010}}</ref>
*The skyline of Rotterdam also houses the {{cvt|185|m|ft}} tall [[Euromast]], which is a major [[tourism|tourist]] attraction. It was built in 1960, initially reaching a height of {{cvt|101|m|ft}}; in 1970, the Euromast was extended by {{cvt|85|m|ft}}.

Rotterdam has a reputation for being a platform for architectural development and education through the Berlage Institute, a postgraduate laboratory of architecture, and the NAi ([[Netherlands Architecture Institute]]), which is open to the public and has a variety of exhibitions on architecture and urban planning issues.

Over 30 new highrise projects are being developed. A Guardian journalist wrote in 2013 that "All this is the consequence of the city suffering a bombardment of two things: bombs and architects."<ref name="Wainwright 2013" />
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