Editing Rector (academia) (section)

====England====
In England, most universities are headed by a chancellor (a ceremonial position) and a vice-chancellor (the academic head). 

The title of Rector is used at some collegiate universities to refer to the [[head of college]] of some colleges.
* At the [[University of Oxford]], [[Lincoln College, Oxford|Lincoln College]] and [[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]], are headed by rectors. 
* At [[Durham University]], [[St Chad's College]] the rector is the titular head (a position held ''ex officio'' by the Dean of Durham Cathedral), while the academic head is the principal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stchads.ac.uk/about/people/governingbody/|title=Visitor, Rector & Governors|website=St Chad's College|access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref>

In addition, a few universities have used rector as the title of their head:
* At [[Imperial College London]] the [[President of Imperial College London|head]] was called the rector, until this was split into a [[Provost (education)|provost]] and "president and rector" in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/109629/imperial-college-london-announces-plans-leadership/|title= Imperial College London announces plans for new leadership|date=30 April 2012|website=Imperial College|access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref> In 2014, [[Alice Gast]] was announced as simply president, replacing [[Keith O'Nions]] who has been "president and rector".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/imperial-colleges-new-president-to-be-alice-gast/2010175.article|title=Imperial College's new president to be Alice Gast|date=3 January 2014|work=Times Higher Education|author=Holly Else}}</ref> An amendment to the university's statutes in November 2014 formally replaced the title of rector with that of president.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/administration-and-support-services/secretariat/public/college-governance/charters-statutes-ordinances-regulations/charters-and-statutes/CHARTER---July-2007--(Rev--Nov-2014).pdf|date=5 November 2014|title=Charter and Statutes 2007|at=Explanatory Note|access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref>
* At [[Liverpool Hope University]], the head of the university has the title of "vice-chancellor and rector".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hope.ac.uk/aboutus/governance/leadershipandmanagement/|title=Leadership and management|at=Vice-Chancellor & Rector|website=Liverpool Hope University|access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref>

Prior to their conversion to universities, polytechnics often had the rector as the head of the establishment; following their transition to universities, the rector became the vice-chancellor.