Editing Protectionism (section)

==Current world trends==
[[File:Protectionist measures taken 2008–2013 according to Global Trade Alert.png|upright=2.05|thumb|Protectionist measures taken since 2008 according to Global Trade Alert<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globaltradealert.org/|title=Independent monitoring of policies that affect world trade|publisher=Global Trade Alert|access-date=16 December 2016}}</ref>]]
Certain policies of First World governments have been criticized as protectionist, such as the [[Common Agricultural Policy]]<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/31/opinion/a-french-roadblock-to-free-trade.html | work=The New York Times | title=A French Roadblock to Free Trade | date=31 August 2003 | access-date=22 May 2010}}</ref> in the European Union, longstanding [[Agricultural subsidy#United States|agricultural subsidies]] and proposed "Buy American" provisions<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,3988551,00.html|title=Brussels Warns US on Protectionism |date=30 January 2009|website=Dw-world.de|access-date=16 October 2017}}</ref> in economic recovery packages in the United States.

Heads of the [[G20]] meeting in London on 2 April 2009 pledged "We will not repeat the historic mistakes of protectionism of previous eras". Adherence to this pledge is monitored by the Global Trade Alert,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globaltradealert.org/|title=Global Trade Alert|website=Globaltradealert.org|access-date=16 October 2017}}</ref> providing up-to-date information and informed commentary to help ensure that the G20 pledge is met by maintaining confidence in the world trading system, deterring [[beggar-thy-neighbor]] acts and preserving the contribution that exports could play in the future recovery of the world economy.

Although they were reiterating what they had already committed to in the 2008 [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]] G20 summit, 17 of these 20 countries were reported by the World Bank as having imposed trade restrictive measures since then. In its report, the World Bank says most of the world's major economies are resorting to protectionist measures as the global economic slowdown begins to bite. Economists who have examined the impact of new trade-restrictive measures using detailed bilaterally monthly trade statistics estimated that new measures taken through late 2009 were distorting global merchandise trade by 0.25% to 0.5% (about $50&nbsp;billion a year).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/spn/2010/spn1007.pdf|title= Trade and the Crisis: Protect or Recover|website=Imf.org|access-date=16 October 2017}}</ref>

Since then, however, President [[Donald Trump]] announced in January 2017 the U.S. was abandoning the TPP ([[Trans-Pacific Partnership]]) deal, saying, "We're going to stop the ridiculous trade deals that have taken everybody out of our country and taken companies out of our country, and it's going to be reversed."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/23/us/politics/tpp-trump-trade-nafta.html|title=Trump Abandons Trans-Pacific Partnership, Obama's Signature Trade Deal|work=The New York Times |date=23 January 2017 |access-date=1 July 2018|language=en|last1=Baker |first1=Peter }}</ref> President [[Joe Biden]] largely continued Trump's protectionist policies, and did not negotiate any [[Free trade agreements of the United States|new free trade agreements]] during his presidency.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/politics/policy/biden-struggles-to-push-trade-deals-with-allies-as-election-approaches-fc512595?mod=RSSMSN|title=Biden Struggles to Push Trade Deals with Allies as Election Approaches|website=The Wall Street Journal|first=Yuka|last=Hayashi|date=December 28, 2023}}</ref>

The 2010s and early 2020s have seen an increased use of protectionist economic policies across both developed countries and developing countries worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Intelligence |first=fDi |title=Protectionism: trade restrictions reach an all-time high |url=https://www.fdiintelligence.com/content/data-trends/protectionism-trade-restrictions-reach-an-alltime-high-82637 |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=www.fdiintelligence.com |date=21 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-24 |title=The economic implications of rising protectionism: a euro area and global perspective |url=https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/economic-bulletin/articles/2019/html/ecb.ebart201903_01~e589a502e5.en.html |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=European Central Bank |language=en}}</ref>