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====Healthcare==== Health care–associated pneumonia (HCAP) is an infection associated with recent exposure to the health care system,<ref name=Ana2009/> including hospitals, outpatient clinics, [[nursing home]]s, [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]] centers, [[chemotherapy]] treatment, or [[home care]].<ref name=ATS2005/> HCAP is sometimes called MCAP (medical care–associated pneumonia). People may become infected with pneumonia in a hospital; this is defined as pneumonia not present at the time of admission (symptoms must start at least 48 hours after admission).<ref name="ATS2005">{{cite journal |author1=American Thoracic Society |author2=Infectious Diseases Society of America |date=February 2005 |title=Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia |url=https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=171 |issue=4 |pages=388–416 |doi=10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST |pmid=15699079}}</ref><ref name=Ana2009/> It is likely to involve [[hospital-acquired infection]]s, with higher risk of [[multidrug-resistant]] pathogens. People in a hospital often have other medical conditions, which may make them more susceptible to pathogens in the hospital. Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurs in people breathing with the help of mechanical ventilation.<ref name=Ana2009/><ref name=Ar2016/> Ventilator-associated pneumonia is specifically defined as pneumonia that arises more than 48 to 72 hours after [[endotracheal intubation]].<ref name=ATS2005/>
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