Editing Phenol (section)

===Second World War===
The [[Phenol#Toxicity|toxic effect of phenol]] on the central nervous system causes sudden collapse and loss of consciousness in both humans and animals; a state of cramping precedes these symptoms because of the motor activity controlled by the central nervous system.<ref name=U/> Injections of phenol were used as a means of individual execution by [[Nazi Germany]] during the [[Second World War]].<ref name=TysonNOVA>[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/holocaust/experiside.html#pois ''The Experiments''] by Peter Tyson. NOVA</ref> It was originally used by the Nazis in 1939 as part of the mass-murder of disabled people under ''[[Aktion T4]]''.<ref name=NaziDrs>[http://www.holocaust-history.org/lifton/LiftonT254.shtml ''The Nazi Doctors''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022104811/http://www.holocaust-history.org/lifton/LiftonT254.shtml |date=2017-10-22 }}, Chapter 14, Killing with Syringes: Phenol Injections. By Dr. Robert Jay Lifton</ref> The Germans learned that extermination of smaller groups was more economical by injection of each victim with phenol. Phenol injections were given to thousands of people. [[Maximilian Kolbe]] was also murdered with a phenol injection after surviving two weeks of dehydration and starvation in [[Auschwitz]] when he volunteered to die in place of [[Franciszek Gajowniczek|a stranger]]. Approximately one gram is sufficient to cause death.<ref name="carbolic">{{cite web |publisher=Johannes Kepler University |location=Linz, Austria |work=Auschwitz: Final Station Extermination |title=Killing through phenol injection |url=http://www.wsg-hist.uni-linz.ac.at/AUSCHWITZ/HTML/Phenol.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061112224223/http://www.wsg-hist.uni-linz.ac.at/AUSCHWITZ/HTML/Phenol.html|archive-date=2006-11-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref>