Editing Pauline Hanson's One Nation (section)

==Ideology==
One Nation's policies and ideology have been described as based on [[ultranationalism]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2013 |title=Ultra-nationalist's car-crash immigration interview |url=https://www.noosanews.com.au/news/ultra-nationalists-car-crash-immigration-interview/1977987/ |access-date=17 September 2020 |publisher=Noosa News |quote=Stephanie Banister, who is hoping to represent the ultra-nationalist One Nation party |archive-date=5 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105063810/https://www.noosanews.com.au/news/ultra-nationalists-car-crash-immigration-interview/1977987/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Stewart |first=James |date=2 November 2019 |title=Anti-Muslim hate speech and displacement narratives: Case studies from Sri Lanka and Australia |journal=Australian Journal of Social Issues |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=418–435 |doi=10.1002/ajs4.83 |s2cid=211418443}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-10 |title=Australian ultra-nationalist politician Stephanie Banister in car |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/australian-ultranationalist-politician-stephanie-banister-in-car-crash-immigration-tv-interview-8752754.html |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=28 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428130623/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/australian-ultranationalist-politician-stephanie-banister-in-car-crash-immigration-tv-interview-8752754.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[right-wing populism]],<ref name=Springer/><ref name="The Australian">{{Cite web|title=Senate count: Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party gets two Queensland senators|date=4 August 2016 |work=[[The Australian]]|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/federal-election-2016/senate-count-pauline-hansons-one-nation-party-gets-two-queensland-senators/news-story/b2930913bc37bec5dff3dfbe9af6c317 |quote=The populist right-wing party snared four seats after preferences were allocated today... |access-date=1 September 2016}}</ref><ref name=Oxford/> [[populism]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Yilmaz |first1=Ihsan |last2=Morieson |first2=Nicholas |date=2021 |title=A Systematic Literature Review of Populism, Religion and Emotions |journal=Religions |language=en |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=15 |doi=10.3390/rel12040272 |issn=2077-1444|doi-access=free |hdl=10536/DRO/DU:30150378 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/927168811 |title=Rural protest groups and populist political parties |date=2015 |others=D. Strijker, G. Voerman, Ida J. Terluin |isbn=978-90-8686-807-0 |location=Wageningen |pages=54 |oclc=927168811 |access-date=28 April 2022 |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222123256/https://www.worldcat.org/title/927168811 |url-status=live}}</ref> and [[opposition to immigration]].<ref name="Daily Telegraph">{{Cite news|work=[[Daily Telegraph]]|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/12/anti-immigrant-one-nation-party-shunned-western-australia-poll/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/12/anti-immigrant-one-nation-party-shunned-western-australia-poll/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|date=12 March 2017|title=Anti-immigrant One Nation party shunned in Western Australia poll}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Its policies have been also described as [[Australian nationalism|nationalist]],<ref name="auto1">{{Cite journal |date=January 2017 |title=The American Far-Right Origins of Pauline Hanson's Views on Islam |url=http://www.tai.org.au/sites/defualt/files/P317%20Far-right%20American%20origins%20of%20One%20Nation%27s%20views%20on%20Islam.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[Australia Institute]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517002119/http://www.tai.org.au/sites/defualt/files/P317%20Far-right%20American%20origins%20of%20One%20Nation's%20views%20on%20Islam.pdf |archive-date=17 May 2017 |access-date=24 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-03-26 |title=Australia's One Nation party accused of seeking NRA money to weaken gun laws |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-politics-guns-idUSKCN1R7083 |access-date=2022-04-28 |archive-date=28 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428125121/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-politics-guns-idUSKCN1R7083 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/990300244 |title=Global perspectives on intercultural communication |date=2017 |others=Stephen Michael Croucher |isbn=978-1-317-50652-2 |location=New York, NY |pages=60 |oclc=990300244}}</ref> [[National conservatism|national-conservative]],<ref name="auto1"/> [[Social conservatism|socially conservative]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=McNevin |first=Anne |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/732958118 |title=Contesting citizenship : irregular migrants and new frontiers of the political |date=2011 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-52224-3 |location=New York |pages=73 |oclc=732958118 |access-date=28 April 2022 |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222123249/https://www.worldcat.org/title/732958118 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Conservatism|conservative]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Martin |first=Robert |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/957025045 |title=Responsible government in South Australia. Volume two, Playford to Rann 1957–2007 |date=2009 |publisher=Wakefield |isbn=978-1862548442 |pages=160 |oclc=957025045 |access-date=28 April 2022 |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222123254/https://www.worldcat.org/title/957025045 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Badcock |first=Blair |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880452439 |title=Making sense of cities : a geographical survey |date=2014 |isbn=978-0-203-76451-0 |location=Oxfordshire, England |oclc=880452439}}</ref> and [[Protectionism|protectionist]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Kathleen Calderwood |date=11 July 2016 |title=How Pauline Hanson and One Nation have changed over the last 20 years |url=https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/latenightlive/pauline-hanson-now-and-then/7586174 |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |access-date=26 October 2021 |archive-date=26 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026215942/https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/latenightlive/pauline-hanson-now-and-then/7586174 |url-status=live }}</ref> Its political position has been described as [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]],<ref name="right-wing">* {{cite web |author=Jonathan Pearlman |date=24 November 2017 |title=Anti-immigrant One Nation party may make headway in Queensland poll |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/australianz/anti-immigrant-one-nation-party-may-make-headway-in-queensland-poll |work=The Straits Times |accessdate=13 May 2018 |archive-date=31 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531012358/http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/australianz/anti-immigrant-one-nation-party-may-make-headway-in-queensland-poll |url-status=live }}
* {{cite web |last=McKenna |first=Mark |date=4 April 2000 |title=First Words: A Brief History of Public Debate on a New Preamble to the Australian Constitution 1991–99 |url=https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp9900/2000RP16 |access-date=9 November 2020 |website=Parliament of Australia |quote=The only public supporters of Andren's case, albeit with little visibility and with different emphases, were Greens Senator Bob Brown, monarchist Sir Harry Gibbs, sections of the National Party organisation, and the right wing Pauline Hanson's One Nation Party. |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101123722/https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp9900/2000RP16 |url-status=live }}</ref> extreme right,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goot |first1=Murray |date=2005 |title=Pauline Hanson's One Nation: Extreme Right, Centre Party or Extreme Left? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27516078 |journal=Labour History |publisher=Liverpool University Press |volume=89 |issue=89 |pages=101–119 |doi=10.2307/27516078 |jstor=27516078 |quote=Respondents in national surveys did not see One Nation as a party of the Right; rather they saw it more than any other party as a party of extreme Right. |access-date=7 September 2023 |archive-date=18 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118210038/https://www.jstor.org/stable/27516078 |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Far-right politics|far-right]].<ref name="far-right">* {{cite journal |last1=Paxton |first1=Pamela |last2=Mughan |first2=Anthony |date=2006 |title=Anti-Immigrant Sentiment, Policy Preferences and Populist Party Voting in Australia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4092233 |journal=British Journal of Political Science |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=341–358 |doi=10.1017/S0007123406000184 |jstor=4092233 |s2cid=154796526 |quote=The result is a path model of voting that allows material and cultural threat to influence policy preferences about how to deal with the 'immigrant problem', and allows both threat and policy preferences to affect voting for the far-right One Nation party in Australia. |access-date=10 November 2020 |archive-date=8 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108164348/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4092233 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Danny |first1=Ben-Moshe |date=2001 |title=One Nation and the Australian far right |journal=Patterns of Prejudice |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=24–40 |doi=10.1080/003132201128811205 |s2cid=145077630}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Fleming |first1=Andy |title=The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right |last2=Mondon |first2=Aurelien |date=April 2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |chapter=The Radical Right in Australia}}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Gibson |first1=Rachel |last2=McAllister |first2=Ian |last3=Swenson |first3=Tami |date=2002 |title=The politics of race and immigration in Australia |journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=823–844 |doi=10.1080/0141987022000000286 |s2cid=145621790}}
* {{cite web |last1=Sengul |first1=Kurt |date=22 June 2020 |title=Pauline Hanson built a political career on white victimhood and brought far-right rhetoric to the mainstream |url=https://theconversation.com/pauline-hanson-built-a-political-career-on-white-victimhood-and-brought-far-right-rhetoric-to-the-mainstream-134661 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |access-date=5 November 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108062153/https://theconversation.com/pauline-hanson-built-a-political-career-on-white-victimhood-and-brought-far-right-rhetoric-to-the-mainstream-134661 |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite web |last1=Charley |first1=Peter |date=27 March 2019 |title=Australia's One Nation offered 'change to voting system' for cash |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/australia-nation-offered-change-voting-system-cash-190327170846167.html |access-date=15 June 2019 |website=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]] |archive-date=9 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909115805/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/03/australia-nation-offered-change-voting-system-cash-190327170846167.html |url-status=live }}
* {{Cite news |last1=Crowe |first1=David |date=18 March 2019 |title=Political forces unite to reject far right and deny One Nation preferences |language=en |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/political-forces-unite-to-reject-far-right-and-deny-one-nation-preferences-20190318-p5157t.html |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020225958/https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/political-forces-unite-to-reject-far-right-and-deny-one-nation-preferences-20190318-p5157t.html |url-status=live }}
* {{cite web |last=Mendes |first=Philip |date=13 August 2020 |title=The far-right's wade into the welfare waters |url=https://lens.monash.edu/@politics-society/2020/08/13/1381030?slug=one-nation-and-the-threat-of-far-right-welfare-chauvinism-in-australia |access-date=5 June 2021 |website=Monash Lens |publisher=[[Monash University]] |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222123258/https://lens.monash.edu/@politics-society/2020/08/13/1381030?slug=one-nation-and-the-threat-of-far-right-welfare-chauvinism-in-australia |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Harper |first1=Cathy |date=8 May 2019 |title=The battle of the slogans |url=https://electionwatch.unimelb.edu.au/articles/the-battle-of-the-slogans |journal=Election Watch |language=en |access-date=24 June 2019 |archive-date=24 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624082429/https://electionwatch.unimelb.edu.au/articles/the-battle-of-the-slogans |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Early years===
In its early years, One Nation's policies were said to be synonymous with opposition to [[affirmative action]] for Aboriginal communities. Some key themes of Pauline Hanson's 1998 maiden speech were opposition to what she said were increasingly high rates of immigration from Asian countries and an argument for [[economic protectionism|economic protectionist]] policies.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="Charlton, P 1998">Charlton, P. 1998. Full Circle. ''[[The Courier-Mail]]'', 13 June 1998.</ref> 

During its inception, One Nation rallied against [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal]] and [[Australian Labor Party|Labor]] immigration and multicultural policies which, it argued, were leading to "the Asianisation of Australia."<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |author=Malcolm Farnsworth |url=http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/onenation/immigration-policy-98.shtml |title=One Nation's Immigration, Population and Social Cohesion Policy 1998 |access-date=19 September 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030702185221/http://www.australianpolitics.com/parties/onenation/immigration-policy-98.shtml |archive-date=2 July 2003  }}</ref>

Former Australian Prime Minister [[Paul Keating]] denounced Hanson in a speech in 1996, saying that she projected "the ugly face of racism" and was "dangerously divisive and deeply hurtful to many of her fellow Australians."<ref name="PHONHISTORY">{{cite web |last1=Nick |first1=Baker |title=Please explain: The history of Pauline Hanson's One Nation party |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-10/timeline-rise-of-pauline-hanson-one-nation/7583230?nw=0 |website=ABC |date=10 July 2016 |access-date=4 November 2020 |archive-date=7 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107224928/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-10/timeline-rise-of-pauline-hanson-one-nation/7583230?nw=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> 

Hanson and One Nation have disputed accusations of racism and argue that the main parties are out of touch with many Australians on the issues of immigration, asylum seekers, and multiculturalism; and have ended up adopting some of the policies One Nation initially called for.<ref name="smh.com.au">{{Cite web|url = https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/im-not-a-racist-says-pauline-hanson-20110309-1bn04.html|title = I'm not a racist, says Pauline Hanson|date = 8 March 2011|access-date = 18 November 2020|archive-date = 3 March 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210303135542/http://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/im-not-a-racist-says-pauline-hanson-20110309-1bn04.html|url-status = live}}</ref> Milton Osborne noted in 1999 that research indicated Hanson's initial supporters did not cite immigration as a major reason for their support for One Nation, but instead they were most concerned about economic issues and unemployment.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Osborne |first1=Milton |title=AUSTRALIA'S ELECTION YEAR: Hansonism and the Asian Financial Crisis |journal=Southeast Asian Affairs |date=1999 |pages=52–64| issue=1 | doi=10.1355/SEAA99D |doi-broken-date=2 December 2024 }}</ref> A 2001 study showed that One Nation had extensive informal ties and received endorsements from far-right movements due to the party requiring "the support of those groups in establishing the party and because of a convergence of interests".<ref name="ben-moshe">{{Cite journal |last1=Ben-Moshe |first1=D. |title=One Nation and the Australian far right |journal=Patterns of Prejudice |date=July 2001 |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=24–40 |doi=10.1080/003132201128811205|s2cid=145077630 }}</ref>

===Contemporary===
Writer [[Hans-Georg Betz]] described One Nation and Pauline Hanson in 2019 as among "the first prominent radical right-wing populist entrepreneurs to mobilize popular resentment against a very specific target — the intellectual elite" and that in the twenty-first century where "today's army of self-styled commentators and pundits summarily dismissing radical right-wing populist voters as uncouth, uneducated plebeians intellectually incapable of understanding the blessings of progressive identity politics, Hanson's anti-elite rhetoric anno 1996 proved remarkably prescient, if rather tame." Betz also argued that One Nation differs from [[Radical right (Europe)|European right-wing parties]] by focusing on its own brand of populism which he termed ''[[Hansonism]]'' based on Hanson's personality and debates unique to Australian society.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fairobserver.com/region/asia_pacific/pauline-hanson-one-nation-australia-populist-politics-news-78645/|title=Australia's Own Brand of Radical Populism|date=20 June 2019|access-date=21 November 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125235836/https://www.fairobserver.com/region/asia_pacific/pauline-hanson-one-nation-australia-populist-politics-news-78645/|url-status=live}}</ref> 

Despite the party's early image as an anti-immigration party, the party has - since 2016 - ran a number of migrant Chinese and Indian candidates in elections.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-12-21/one-nation-candidate-shan-ju-lin-defends-pauline-hanson/8135684|title=One Nation's Shan Ju Lin defends Pauline Hanson, says she fears Chinese Government will 'take over'|author=|date=2016|work=|access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/pauline-hanson-is-not-racist-says-asian-australian-one-nation-candidate/zuboatsoo|title=Pauline Hanson is not racist, says Asian-Australian One Nation candidate|author=|date=2017|work=|access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/language/punjabi/en/podcast-episode/one-nation-fields-former-indian-international-student-nik-reddy-in-queensland-elections/6sz11r650|title=One Nation fields former Indian international student Nik Reddy in Queensland elections|author=|date=2020|work=|access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news.com.au/national/federal-election/george-christensen-rogue-mp-announces-tilt-at-senate-with-one-nation/news-story/74ffa7bcc943553f5ac36ae69ab2298e|title=Surprise twist at Pauline Hanson's One Nation event in Brisbane|author=|date=2022|work=|access-date=17 December 2024}}</ref>

Political scientist [[Ian McAllister (political scientist)|Ian McAllister]] argues the current version of One Nation from 2017 does not have much in the way of policy beyond an "anti-establishment stance"<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Marr|first1=David|title=Looking back, and angry: what drives Pauline Hanson's voters|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/mar/27/looking-back-and-angry-what-drives-pauline-hansons-voters|access-date=27 March 2017|work=The Guardian Australia|date=26 March 2017|archive-date=27 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327001411/https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/mar/27/looking-back-and-angry-what-drives-pauline-hansons-voters|url-status=live}}</ref> while others have argued it has changed to focus its policies on opposition to Islam.<ref name="The Financial Times">{{Cite news|author1=Jamie Smyth|title=Australian firebrand Pauline Hanson marks political return with anti-Muslim speech|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/636e4e76-41c7-11e6-9b66-0712b3873ae1.html|access-date=5 July 2016|work=The Financial Times|date=4 July 2016|archive-date=11 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911035914/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/636e4e76-41c7-11e6-9b66-0712b3873ae1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author1=Jean Kennedy|title=Election 2016: Pauline Hanson's comments could lead to violence, Tim Soutphommasane warns|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-05/pauline-hanson%27s-comments-could-lead-to-violence%3A-soutphommosane/7568608|access-date=5 July 2016|work=ABC News|date=5 July 2016|archive-date=31 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031072202/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-05/pauline-hanson%27s-comments-could-lead-to-violence%3A-soutphommosane/7568608|url-status=live}}</ref>

During the [[2017 Queensland state election]], One Nation disendorsed its Bundamba candidate Shan Ju Lin after her anti-gay social media post. Lin accused [[James Ashby]] of deciding on Hanson's behalf that Lin should be disendorsed.<ref>{{cite news|author=Casey Briggs|title=Dumped One Nation candidate won't apologise for anti-gay comments|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-01-09/dumped-one-nation-shan-ju-lin-wont-apologise-for-gay-comments/8168792|access-date=9 January 2017|publisher=ABC News|date=9 January 2017}}</ref> In December 2016, Andy Semple withdrew as a candidate for Currumbin, after the party told him to delete an LGBT joke on Twitter.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/dec/20/one-nation-candidate-quits-two-days-inappropriate-tweet|title=One Nation candidate quits after two days over 'inappropriate' tweet|first=Joshua|last=Robertson|date=20 December 2016|accessdate=8 April 2023|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref>

Various One Nation election candidates have made anti-LGBT comments, such as one saying in 2019, "The only thing worse than a gay person with power is a woman", another in 2017 calling same-sex marriage "poof poof marriage" and making the comment, "You see when we consummate a marriage kids are generally born 9 mths later when gays consummate its [sic] just bum sex for enjoyment", and a third – also in 2017 – saying that "Norwegian homosexuals" are behind a "mind control program".<ref>{{cite news |last= Duffy |first= Nick |date= 26 April 2019 |title= ‘The only thing worse than a gay person with power is a woman,’ candidate says |url= https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/04/26/only-thing-worse-gay-person-power-woman-candidate-one-nation/ |work= [[PinkNews]] |access-date= 12 April 2025}}</ref>