Editing Organ transplantation (section)

=== Deceased donor ===
Deceased donors (formerly cadaveric) are people who have been declared brain-dead and whose organs are kept viable by [[Medical ventilator|ventilators]] or other mechanical mechanisms until they can be excised for transplantation. Apart from brainstem-dead donors, who have formed the majority of deceased donors for the last 20 years, there is increasing use of after-circulatory-death donors (formerly non-heart-beating donors) to increase the potential pool of donors as demand for transplants continues to grow.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ledinh|first1=H.|last2=Bonvoisin|first2=C.|last3=Weekers|first3=L.|last4=de Roover|first4=A.|last5=Honoré|first5=P.|last6=Squifflet|first6=J.P.|last7=Meurisse|first7=M.|last8=Detry|first8=O.|date=September 2010|title=Results of Kidney Transplantation From Donors After Cardiac Death|journal=Transplantation Proceedings|volume=42|issue=7|pages=2407–14|doi=10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.07.055|pmid=20832517}}</ref> Prior to the legal recognition of brain death in the 1980s, all deceased organ donors had died of circulatory death.  These organs have inferior outcomes to organs from a brain-dead donor.<ref name="deceaseddonoroutcome">{{Cite journal | last1 = Merion | first1 = R. M. | last2 = Pelletier | first2 = S. J. | last3 = Goodrich | first3 = N. | last4 = Englesbe | first4 = M. J. | last5 = Delmonico | first5 = F. L. | title = Donation After Cardiac Death as a Strategy to Increase Deceased Donor Liver Availability | doi = 10.1097/01.sla.0000239006.33633.39 | journal = Transactions of the ... Meeting of the American Surgical Association | volume = 124 | issue = 4 | pages = 220–27 | year = 2006 | pmid =  16998364| pmc = 1856553}} {{link note|note=subscription required for full access}}</ref> For instance, patients who underwent liver transplantation using donation-after-circulatory-death allografts have been shown to have significantly lower graft survival than those from donation-after-brain-death allografts due to biliary complications and [[Liver transplantation#Recovery and outcomes|primary nonfunction in liver transplantation]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Vera, M.E|author2=Lopez-Solis, R.|author3=Dvorchik, I.|author4=Morris, W. | year = 2009 | title = Liver Transplantation Using Donation After Cardiac Death Donors: Long-Term Follow-Up from a Single Center | journal = American Journal of Transplantation | volume = 9 | issue = 4| pages = 773–881 | doi=10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02560.x| pmid = 19344466 | s2cid = 7891692 | doi-access = free }}</ref> However, given the scarcity of suitable organs and the number of people who die waiting, any potentially suitable organ must be considered.  Jurisdictions with medically [[assisted suicide]] may co-ordinate organ donations from that source.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogilvie |first1=Megan |title=An Ontario man chose a medically assisted death at home. In a world first, he was able to donate his lungs |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2021/03/07/an-ontario-man-chose-a-medically-assisted-death-at-home-in-a-world-first-he-was-able-to-donate-his-lungs.html |access-date=11 March 2021 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |date=7 March 2021}}</ref>