Editing Muslim Brotherhood (section)

====Israel====
{{Further|Islamic Movement in Israel}}
'Abd al-Rahman al-Banna, the brother of the Muslim Brotherhood founder Hasan al-Banna, went to [[Mandatory Palestine]] and established the Muslim Brotherhood there in 1935. [[Mohammad Amin al-Husayni|Al-Hajj Amin al-Husseini]], eventually appointed by the British as Grand Mufti of Jerusalem in hopes of accommodating him, was the leader of the group in Palestine.<ref>{{cite news|title=Saudi newspaper slams Muslim Brotherhood as 'Nazis'|url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/saudi-newspaper-slams-muslim-brotherhood-as-nazis-617703|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=19 February 2020|access-date=16 July 2020|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714130434/https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/saudi-newspaper-slams-muslim-brotherhood-as-nazis-617703|url-status=live}}</ref> Another important leader associated with the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine was 'Izz al-Din al-Qassam, an inspiration to Islamists because he had been the first to lead an armed resistance in the name of Palestine against the British in 1935.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cohen|first=Amnon|title=Political Parties in the West Bank under the Jordanian Regime, 1949–1967|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=1982|place=Ithaca, New York|isbn=978-0-8014-1321-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/politicalparties00cohe|page=144}}</ref>

Brotherhood members fought alongside the Arab armies during the [[1948 Arab–Israeli war]], and, after Israel's creation, the ensuing [[Palestinian refugee]] crisis encouraged more Palestinian Muslims to join the group. After the war, in the West Bank, the group's activity was mainly social and religious, not political, so it had relatively good relations with Jordan during the [[Jordanian annexation of the West Bank]]. In contrast, the group frequently clashed with the Egyptian government that controlled the Gaza Strip until 1967.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Shadid|first=Mohammed K|title=The Muslim Brotherhood Movement in the West Bank and Gaza|journal=Third World Quarterly|date=April 1988|volume=10|issue=2|pages=658–682|jstor=3992661|doi=10.1080/01436598808420076}}</ref>

In the 1950s and 1960s, the Brotherhood's goal was "the upbringing of an Islamic generation" through the restructuring of society and religious education, rather than opposition to Israel, and so it lost popularity to insurgent movements and the presence of [[Hizb ut-Tahrir]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Islamic Fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza: Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad|date=22 March 1994|last=Abu-Amr|first=Ziad|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0253208661}}</ref> Eventually, however, the Brotherhood was strengthened by several factors:
# The creation of al-Mujamma' al-Islami, the Islamic Center in 1973 by Shaykh Ahmad Yasin had a centralizing effect that encapsulated all religious organizations.
# The Muslim Brotherhood Society in Jordan and Palestine was created from a merger of the branches in the West Bank and Gaza and Jordan.
# Palestinian disillusion with the Palestinian militant groups caused them to become more open to alternatives.
# The Islamic Revolution in Iran offered inspiration to Palestinians. The Brotherhood was able to increase its efforts in Palestine and avoid being dismantled like militant groups because it did not focus on the occupation. While militant groups were being dismantled, the Brotherhood filled the void.<ref name=hamas>{{citation|title=Hamas: A Historical and Political Background|first=Ziad|last=Abu-Amr|journal=Journal of Palestine Studies|volume=22|issue=4|date=Summer 1993|pages=5–19|jstor=2538077|doi=10.1525/jps.1993.22.4.00p00027}}</ref>

In 2006, the Brotherhood supported [[2006 Lebanon War|Hezbollah's military action against Israel]]. It does not recognize the State of Israel.<ref>{{Cite news|title=The Muslim Brotherhood|date=18 February 2011|work=The Week|page=13}}</ref>