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===Derivation and other names=== Several names are sometimes used synonymously although some of these have other meanings that are not necessarily interchangeable: ''amphoteric element,''<ref>[[#Foster1936|Foster 1936, pp. 212β13]]; [[#Brownlee1936|Brownlee et al. 1943, p. 293]]</ref> ''boundary element,''<ref>[[#Calderazzo|Calderazzo, Ercoli & Natta 1968, p. 257]]</ref> ''half-way element,''<ref>[[#Walters1982|Walters 1982, pp. 32β33]]</ref> ''near metal,''<ref name=tyler>[[#Tyler1948|Tyler 1948, p. 105]]</ref> ''meta-metal,''<ref>[[#Foster1958|Foster & Wrigley 1958, p. 218]]: "The elements may be grouped into two classes: those that are ''metals'' and those that are ''nonmetals.'' There is also an intermediate group known variously as ''metalloids,'' ''meta-metals,'' ''semiconductors''."</ref> ''semiconductor,''<ref>[[#Slade2006|Slade 2006, p. 16]]</ref> ''semimetal''<ref>[[#Corwin2005|Corwin 2005, p. 80]]</ref> and ''submetal''.<ref>[[#Barsanov1974|Barsanov & Ginzburg 1974, p. 330]]</ref> "Amphoteric element" is sometimes used more broadly to include transition metals capable of forming [[oxyanion]]s, such as chromium and [[manganese]].<ref>[[#Bradbury1957|Bradbury et al. 1957, pp. 157, 659]]</ref> "Meta-metal" is sometimes used instead to refer to certain metals ([[beryllium|Be]], [[zinc|Zn]], [[cadmium|Cd]], [[mercury (element)|Hg]], [[indium|In]], [[thallium|Tl]], [[Tin#Physical properties|Ξ²-Sn]], [[lead|Pb]]) located just to the left of the metalloids on standard periodic tables.<ref name="Klemm">[[Metalloid#Klemm1950|Klemm 1950, pp. 133β42]]; [[Metalloid#Reilly2004|Reilly 2004, p. 4]]</ref> These metals tend to have distorted crystalline structures, electrical conductivity values at the lower end of those of metals, and amphoteric (weakly basic) oxides.<ref>[[#King2004|King 2004, pp. 196β98]]; [[#Ferro2008|Ferro & Saccone 2008, p. 233]]</ref> The names ''amphoteric element'' and ''semiconductor'' are problematic as some elements referred to as metalloids do not show marked amphoteric behaviour (bismuth, for example)<ref>[[#Lister|Lister 1965, p. 54]]</ref> or semiconductivity (polonium)<ref name="Cotton FA 1999, p.502"/> in their most stable forms.
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