Editing Majapahit (section)

====The divide====
In 1468 Prince Kertabhumi rebelled against Singhawikramawardhana, promoting himself as the king of Majapahit. Deposed Singhawikramawardhana retreated upstream of Brantas River, moved the kingdom's capital further inland to [[Kediri (city)|Daha]] (the former capital of [[Kediri (historical kingdom)|Kediri kingdom]]), effectively splitting Majapahit, under Bhre Kertabumi in Trowulan and Singhawikramawardhana in Daha. Singhawikramawardhana continued his rule until he was succeeded by his son [[Girindrawardhana]] (Ranawijaya) in 1474.

And in between this period of the dividing court of Majapahit, the kingdom found itself unable to control its western part of the already crumbling empire. The rising power of the [[Sultanate of Malacca]] began to gain effective control of the [[Strait of Malacca|Malacca Strait]] in the mid-15th century and expanding its influence to Sumatra. And amidst these events, Indragiri and Siantan, according to [[Malay Annals]] were given to Malacca as a dowry for the marriage of a Majapahit princess and the [[Mansur Shah of Malacca|sultan of Malacca]],<ref name="Leyden">Leyden, John (1821), [https://books.google.com/books?id=J9JAAAAAYAAJ ''Malay Annals (translated from the Malay language)''], Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown.</ref> further weakening Majapahit's influence on the western part of the archipelago. Kertabhumi managed to stabilize this situation by allying with Muslim merchants, giving them trading rights on the north coast of Java, with [[Demak Regency|Demak]] as its centre and in return asked for their loyalty to Majapahit. This policy boosted the Majapahit treasury and power but weakened Hindu-Buddhism as its main religion because [[Dawah|Islamic proselytizing]] spread faster, especially in Javanese coastal principalities. Hindu-Buddhist followers' grievances later paved the way for Ranawijaya to defeat Kertabumi.

Dates for the end of the Majapahit Empire range from 1478, traditionally described in ''sinengkalan'' or ''chandrasengkala'' ([[chronogram]]) ''Sirna ilang kertaning bhumi'' that is correspond to 1400 [[Saka era|Saka]], to 1527.{{efn | group=note | 1=The year 1400 saka is marked among Javanese today with ''[[chronogram|candrasengkala]]'' "''sirna ilang kertaning bumi''" (the wealth of earth disappeared and diminished) (''sirna'' = 0, ''ilang'' = 0, ''kerta'' = 4, ''bumi'' = 1).}}<ref name=":11">{{Cite book|last=Ricklefs|first=Merle Calvin|year=2008|url=https://archive.org/details/m.-c.-ricklefs-a-history-of-modern-indonesia-since-c.-1200-red-globe-press-2008/page/4/mode/2up|title=A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200 Fourth Edition (E-Book version)|edition=4th|location=New York|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9780230546851|pages=}}</ref>{{rp|36}} The year 1478 was the year of [[Sudarma Wisuta war]], when Ranawijaya's army under general Udara (who later became vice-regent) breached Trowulan defences and killed Kertabumi in his palace,<ref>Pararaton, p. 40, "...&nbsp;bhre Kertabhumi&nbsp;... bhre prabhu sang mokta ring kadaton i saka sunyanora-yuganing-wong, 1400".</ref><ref>See also: Hasan Djafar, Girindrawardhana, 1978, p. 50.</ref> but not the actual fall of Majapahit itself as a whole.

Demak sent reinforcements under [[Sunan Ngudung]], who later died in battle and was replaced by [[Sunan Kudus]], but they came too late to save Kertabumi although they managed to repel the Ranawijaya army. This event is mentioned in Trailokyapuri (Jiyu) and Petak inscription, where Ranawijaya claimed that he already defeated Kertabhumi and reunited Majapahit as one Kingdom.<ref name="SNI448">Poesponegoro & Notosusanto (1990), pp. 448–451.</ref> Ranawijaya ruled from 1474 to 1498 with the formal name Girindrawardhana, with Udara as his vice-regent. This event led to the war between the [[Sultanate of Demak]] and [[Kediri (historical kingdom)|Daha]] since Demak rulers were descendants of Kertabhumi.{{Dubious|date=May 2024}}

During this period, [[Demak Sultanate|Demak]], being the dominant ruler of the Javanese coastal lands and Java as a whole, seized the region of Jambi and Palembang in Sumatra from Majapahit.<ref name=":3" />{{rp|154–155}}