Editing Kaohsiung (section)

==Culture==
===Tourism===
[[File:Kaohsiung Tuntex Sky Tower.jpg|thumb|The [[85 Sky Tower]] seen from the [[Love River]]]]

Main landmarks of Kaohsiung city include the [[85 Sky Tower]], the [[Ferris wheel]] of the Kaohsiung [[Dream Mall]], the [[Kaohsiung Arena]] and [[Port of Kaohsiung]]. The newly developed city is also known for having a large number of [[shopping streets]], organized [[night markets]] and newly developed leisure parks such as the [[Pier-2 Art Center]], [[E-DA Theme Park]], [[Kaohsiung Metropolitan Park|Metropolitan Park]], the [[Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts]], the [[National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts]], and [[Taroko Park]].

Natural attractions of the city include [[Shoushan (Kaohsiung)|Shoushan]] (Monkey mountain), the [[Love River]], [[Cijin Island]], [[Sizihwan]], the [[Dapingding Tropical Botanical Garden]] and [[Yushan National Park]] at the northeastern tip of the city. The city also features various historical attractions such as the [[Old City of Zuoying]], a historical town built during the early 17th century, the [[Former British Consulate at Takao]] built during the late 19th century, and various sugar and crop factories built under [[Taiwan under Japanese rule|Japanese rule]].

====Natural attractions====
Kaohsiung city includes a wide range of different natural attractions due to its large size and geographical variation, as it is bordered by the [[Central Mountain Range]] in the northeast and the warm [[South China Sea]] to the west and southwest. The year-round warm climate allows [[coral reefs]] to grow along the coasts around [[Kaohsiung Harbor]], with [[Shoushan (Kaohsiung)|Shoushan Mountain]] being a small mountain completely made up of coral reefs and [[calcium carbonate]], while the mountainous districts in the northeast include Taiwan's highest mountain, [[Yushan (mountain)|Yushan]]. Other notable natural attractions include the [[Mount Banping]], [[Lotus Pond, Kaohsiung|Lotus Pond]], and [[Dongsha Atoll National Park]], which is currently inaccessible by the public due to military occupation.

====Historical sites====
[[File:Former British Consulate at Takao.jpg|thumb|[[Former British Consulate at Takao]]]]
A large number of historical sites and monuments were left in the city after the colonization of the Dutch in the 17th century, the Qing dynasty during the 18th and 19th century and the Japanese empire from the late 19th century to the mid 20th century.  The city government has protected various sites and monuments from further damage and many have been opened to the public since the early 1980s. Notable historical sites include the [[Cemetery of Zhenghaijun]], [[Fengshan Longshan Temple]], [[Former British Consulate at Takao]], [[Former Dinglinzihbian Police Station]], [[Meinong Cultural and Creative Center]], [[Former Sanhe Bank]], and the [[Kaohsiung Lighthouse]], one of the oldest lighthouses of the city.

====Museums====
[[File:Confucius temple Kaohsiung amk.jpg|thumb|[[Confucius Temple of Kaohsiung]]]]
Kaohsiung is home to many museums, including the [[Chung Li-he Museum]], [[Cijin Shell Museum]], [[Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum]], [[Jiasian Petrified Fossil Museum]], [[Kaohsiung Astronomical Museum]], [[Kaohsiung Hakka Cultural Museum]], [[Kaohsiung Harbor Museum]], [[Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts]], [[Kaohsiung Museum of History]], [[Kaohsiung Museum of Labor]], [[Kaohsiung Vision Museum]], [[Meinong Hakka Culture Museum]], [[National Science and Technology Museum]], [[Republic of China Air Force Museum]], [[Soya-Mixed Meat Museum]], [[Taiwan Pineapple Museum]], [[Taiwan Sugar Museum (Kaohsiung)|Taiwan Sugar Museum]], [[Takao Railway Museum]], [[Xiaolin Pingpu Cultural Museum]] and [[YM Museum of Marine Exploration Kaohsiung]].

====Parks and zoos====
As the largest municipality in Taiwan, Kaohsiung has a number of newly built leisure areas and parks. Notable parks or pavilions in the city include the [[Central Park (Kaohsiung)|Central Park]], [[Siaogangshan Skywalk Park]], [[Fo Guang Shan Monastery]], the [[Dragon and Tiger Pagodas]], [[Spring and Autumn Pavilions]], the [[Love Pier]], [[Singuang Ferry Wharf]] and [[Kaohsiung Fisherman's Wharf]]. Notable zoo in the city includes the [[Kaohsiung City Shousan Zoo]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://zoo.kcg.gov.tw/?culture=en-US |title=Home Page - ShoushanZoo |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830165507/http://zoo.kcg.gov.tw/?culture=en-US |archive-date=30 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

====Other====
{{see also|Night markets in Taiwan|}}
[[File:Liouho-Night-Market-Kaohsiung.jpg|thumb|[[Liuhe Night Market]]]]

Kaohsiung is home to many [[Night markets in Taiwan|night markets]], such as [[Jin-Zuan Night Market]], [[Liuhe Night Market]], [[Ruifeng Night Market]], [[Zhonghua Street Night Market]], and the [[Kaisyuan Night Market]]. Other attractions include the [[Cijin Tianhou Temple]], [[Formosa Boulevard metro station|Dome of Light of Kaohsiung MRT's Formosa Boulevard Station]], the [[Kaohsiung Mosque]] and the [[Tower of Light]] of [[Sanmin District]].

[[Wet market|Traditional "wet" markets]] have long been the source of meat, fish, and produce for many residents. With the arrival of Western-style [[supermarkets]] in the 1980s and 1990s, such markets have encountered fierce competition. In 1989, the global leader in hypermarkets, [[Carrefour]], entered Asia, opening its first store in Kaohsiung. Due to the success of its Taiwan operation, the French retailer expanded throughout the country and Asia. Jean-Luc Chéreau, the general manager in Taiwan from 1993 to 1999, used this newfound understanding of Chinese culture and ways of doing business with Chinese customers to lead its China expansion starting in 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www1.ximb.ac.in/users/fac/visiting/vfac.nsf/23e5e39594c064ee852564ae004fa010/b6eccfba375c3a306525726000507c80/$FILE/4.%20carrefour%20china%20int.pdf |title=Lessons from a global retailer: An interview with the president of Carrefour China |last=Child |first=Peter |date=2006 |access-date=26 February 2020 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802203152/http://www1.ximb.ac.in/users/fac/visiting/vfac.nsf/23e5e39594c064ee852564ae004fa010/b6eccfba375c3a306525726000507c80/$FILE/4.%20carrefour%20china%20int.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> As of February 2020, Carrefour has opened 137 hypermarkets and supermarkets in Taiwan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.carrefour.com.tw/store.html |title=分店資訊 |website=Carrefour 家樂福 |access-date=26 February 2020 |archive-date=26 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200226201546/https://www.carrefour.com.tw/store.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite the fierce competition from "Westernized" supermarkets, Taiwan's traditional markets and mom-and-pop stores remain "one of the most popular retail formats for many Asian families when they purchase daily food items and basic household goods."<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Yu-Chih |last2=Huang |first2=Chi-tsun |last3=Tsai |first3=Kuen-Hung |date=2015 |title=How do wet markets still survive in Taiwan? |url=http://www.emeraldinsight.com/0007-070X.htm |journal=British Food Journal |volume=117 |pages=234–256 |doi=10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0136 |via=Emerald Insight |access-date=26 February 2020 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410221725/https://www.emerald.com/insight/publication/issn/0007-070X |url-status=live }}</ref>

Coffee cafes have become famous and numerous in the city. With the arrival of Western-style chains many new local cafes have opened in the recent years.

===Languages===
{{see also|Languages of Taiwan|}}
The majority of those living in Kaohsiung can communicate in both [[Taiwanese Hokkien]] and  [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin]].  Some of the elderly who grew up during the Japanese colonization of Taiwan can communicate in Japanese, while most of the younger population have basic English skills.

Since the spread of Standard Chinese after the [[Chinese Civil War|Nationalist Government retreated to Taiwan in 1949]], [[Hakka Chinese]] and various [[Formosan languages]] are gradually no longer spoken with the new generation and many Formosan languages are therefore classified as [[Moribund language|moribund]] or [[endangered languages]] by the United Nations. Nowadays, only elder Hakka people mostly living in [[Meinong District|Meinong]], [[Liouguei District|Liouguei]], [[Shanlin District|Shanlin]] and [[Jiasian District|Jiasian]] districts can communicate in Hakka and elder Taiwanese aborigines living mostly in the rural districts of [[Namasia District|Namasia]] and [[Taoyuan District, Kaohsiung|Taoyuan]] can communicate with the aboriginal languages. The Taiwanese government has established special affairs committees for both the Aboriginals and the Hakkas to protect their language, culture, and minority rights.

===Arts===
[[File:FormosaBoulevardStation.JPG|thumb|The Dome of Light at [[Formosa Boulevard Station]] of [[Kaohsiung MRT]]]]

The "Dome of Light" in the concourse of [[Formosa Boulevard Station]] of [[Kaohsiung MRT]] is one of the world's largest public [[glass works]] of art.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kcg.gov.tw/EN/CP.aspx?n=AAB7A30122B33908&s=21A85FB72BB89072 |title=Art&Culture |publisher=Kaohsiung City Government |access-date=27 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921182752/http://www.kcg.gov.tw/EN/CP.aspx?n=AAB7A30122B33908&s=21A85FB72BB89072 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> The city also has the [[Urban Spotlight Arcade]] spanning along the street in [[Cianjin District]]. Acknowledged as the largest performance arts center under one roof in the world Weiwuying ([[National_Kaohsiung_Center_for_the_Arts|the National Kaohsiung Centre for the Arts]]), opened in 2018. The center was designed by [[Mecanoo]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/oct/19/national-kaohsiung-centre-for-the-arts-taiwan-review-a-260m-cultural-paradise |title=Grand vision: The world's biggest arts venue opens in Taiwan |last=Wainwright |first=Oliver |date=20 October 2018 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=21 October 2018 |issue=53545 |location=London |page=19 |author-link=Oliver Wainwright |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021064449/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/oct/19/national-kaohsiung-centre-for-the-arts-taiwan-review-a-260m-cultural-paradise |archive-date=21 October 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>