Editing Jurassic (section)

==== Bennettitales ====
[[File:Williamsoniaceae Thérèse Ekblom.webp|thumb|upright=1.15|Restoration of a member of [[Bennettitales]] belonging to Williamsoniaceae.]]
[[Bennettitales]], having first become widespread during the preceding Triassic, were diverse and abundant members of Jurassic floras across both hemispheres.<ref name="Popa-2014">{{Cite journal|last=Popa|first=Mihai E.|date=June 2014|title=Early Jurassic bennettitalean reproductive structures of Romania|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12549-014-0165-9|journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments |language=en |volume=94|issue=2|pages=327–362|doi=10.1007/s12549-014-0165-9|bibcode=2014PdPe...94..327P |s2cid=128411467|issn=1867-1594}}</ref> The foliage of Bennettitales bears strong similarities to those of cycads, to such a degree that they cannot be reliably distinguished on the basis of morphology alone. Leaves of Bennettitales can be distinguished from those of cycads their different arrangement of [[stoma]]ta, and the two groups are not thought to be closely related.<ref>{{Citation|last=Taylor|first=T|title=Cycadophytes|date=2009 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780123739728000176|work=Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants|pages=703–741 |publisher=Elsevier|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-373972-8.00017-6|isbn=978-0-12-373972-8|access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref> Jurassic Bennettitales predominantly belong to the group [[Williamsoniaceae]],<ref name="Popa-2014" /> which grew as shrubs and small trees. The Williamsoniaceae are thought to have had a [[divaricate]] branching habit, similar to that of living ''[[Banksia]]'', and adapted to growing in open habitats with poor soil nutrient conditions.<ref name="Pott-2014">{{Cite journal|last1=Pott|first1=Christian|last2=McLoughlin|first2=Stephen |date=2014-06-01|title=Divaricate growth habit in Williamsoniaceae (Bennettitales): unravelling the ecology of a key Mesozoic plant group |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0157-9|journal=Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments|language=en|volume=94|issue=2|pages=307–325 |doi=10.1007/s12549-014-0157-9|bibcode=2014PdPe...94..307P |s2cid=84440045|issn=1867-1608}}</ref> Bennettitales exhibit complex, [[flower]]-like reproductive structures some of which are thought to have been pollinated by insects. Several groups of insects that bear long proboscis, including extinct families such as [[Kalligrammatidae|kalligrammatid]] lacewings<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Labandeira|first1=Conrad C. |last2=Yang |first2=Qiang|last3=Santiago-Blay|first3=Jorge A.|last4=Hotton|first4=Carol L.|last5=Monteiro|first5=Antónia|last6=Wang|first6=Yong-Jie |last7=Goreva|first7=Yulia|last8=Shih|first8=ChungKun|last9=Siljeström|first9=Sandra|last10=Rose|first10=Tim R.|last11=Dilcher|first11=David L. |date=2016-02-10|title=The evolutionary convergence of mid-Mesozoic lacewings and Cenozoic butterflies|url= |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|language=en|volume=283|issue=1824|pages=20152893|doi=10.1098/rspb.2015.2893|issn=0962-8452 |pmc=4760178 |pmid=26842570}}</ref> and extant ones such as [[Acroceridae|acrocerid]] flies,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Khramov|first1=Alexander V.|author-link1=Alexander V. Khramov|last2=Lukashevich|first2=Elena D.|date=July 2019|title=A Jurassic dipteran pollinator with an extremely long proboscis |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1342937X1930070X|journal=Gondwana Research|language=en|volume=71|pages=210–215 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2019.02.004|bibcode=2019GondR..71..210K|s2cid=134847380}}</ref> are suggested to have been pollinators of bennettitales, feeding on [[nectar]] produced by bennettitalean cones.