Editing Jeff Bezos (section)

== Philanthropy ==
[[File:Recovered F-1 Engine parts .jpg|thumb|Bezos funded the retrieval of these [[Rocketdyne F-1|F-1 engine]] parts from the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean in 2015, eventually donating them to the [[Museum of Flight|Seattle Museum of Flight]]. They are from [[Apollo 16]] (above) and [[Apollo 12]] (below).]]
Bezos donated to the [[Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center]] several times between 2009 and 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/hutch-receives-35-million-donation-largest-ever-from-bezos-family/|title=Fred Hutch receives $35&nbsp;million donation, largest ever, from Bezos family|date=March 30, 2017|website=The Seattle Times|access-date=April 2, 2019|archive-date=April 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402165908/https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/hutch-receives-35-million-donation-largest-ever-from-bezos-family/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, he pledged $500,000 to [[Worldreader]], a non-profit founded by a former Amazon employee.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geekwire.com/2014/jeff-bezos-donates-20-million-fred-hutchinson-cancer-research-center|title=Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos and family donate $20M to Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center|last=Soper|first=Taylor|website=GeekWire|date=April 7, 2014|access-date=December 31, 2017|archive-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102072819/https://www.geekwire.com/2014/jeff-bezos-donates-20-million-fred-hutchinson-cancer-research-center/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In September 2018, ''Business Insider'' reported that Bezos was the only one of the top five billionaires in the world who had not signed the [[Giving Pledge]], an initiative created by Bill Gates and Warren Buffett that encourages wealthy people to give away a majority of their wealth.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-richest-person-modern-history-spends-on-charity-2018-7|title=Jeff Bezos is the richest man in modern history – here's how he spends on philanthropy|last=Kotecki|first=Peter|magazine=Business Insider|access-date=July 1, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508153534/https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-richest-person-modern-history-spends-on-charity-2018-7|archive-date=May 8, 2019}}</ref> That same month, Janet Camarena, director of transparency initiatives at [[Foundation Center]], was quoted by CNBC as having questions about Bezos's new Day 1 Fund, including the fund's structure and how exactly it will be funded.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/14/jeff-bezoss-new-2-billion-philanthropic-fund-faces-many-unanswered-questions.html|title=Unanswered questions about Jeff Bezos' new $2&nbsp;billion philanthropic fund|publisher=CNBC|date=September 16, 2018|last=Kim|first=Eugene|access-date=July 1, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429065745/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/09/14/jeff-bezoss-new-2-billion-philanthropic-fund-faces-many-unanswered-questions.html|archive-date=April 29, 2019}}</ref>

In May 2017, Bezos gave $1&nbsp;million to the [[Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press]], which provides [[pro bono]] legal services for American journalists.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/4038657/jeff-bezos-just-gave-1-million-to-the-reporters-committee-for-freedom-of-the-press|title=Jeff Bezos just gave $1&nbsp;million to the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press|last=Grothaus|first=Michael|date=May 24, 2017|magazine=Fast Company|access-date=March 8, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309120254/https://www.fastcompany.com/4038657/jeff-bezos-just-gave-1-million-to-the-reporters-committee-for-freedom-of-the-press|archive-date=March 9, 2018}}</ref> On June 15, 2017, he posted a message on Twitter asking for ideas for philanthropy: "I'm thinking about a philanthropy strategy that is the opposite of how I mostly spend my time—working on the long term".<ref name=Frank /> At the time of the post, Bezos's lifetime spending on charitable causes was estimated to be $100&nbsp;million.<ref name=Frank /> Multiple opinion columnists responded by asking Bezos to pay higher wages to Amazon warehouse workers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jeff-bezos-workers_us_59a7220fe4b07e81d354e6e3|first=Frederick|last=Kunkle|title=Jeff Bezos wants to give more money to charity. He should pay his workers first.|newspaper=HuffPost|date=September 1, 2017|access-date=September 19, 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920062447/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jeff-bezos-workers_us_59a7220fe4b07e81d354e6e3|archive-date=September 20, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/14/jeff-bezos-low-income-people-pay-amazon-workers-better|title=If Jeff Bezos wants to help low-income people why not just pay them better?|newspaper=The Guardian|date=September 14, 2018|last=Hyde|first=Marina|access-date=December 12, 2019|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212144909/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/14/jeff-bezos-low-income-people-pay-amazon-workers-better|archive-date=December 12, 2019}}</ref> A year later in June, he tweeted that he would announce two philanthropic foci by the end of summer 2018.<ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://observer.com/2018/06/what-has-jeff-bezos-chosen-to-spend-his-140b-on-we-have-4-guesses|title=What Has Jeff Bezos Chosen to Spend His $140B On? We Have 4 Guesses|newspaper=[[The Observer]]|date=June 6, 2018|last=Cao|first=Sissi|access-date=June 6, 2018 |archive-date=June 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616082134/http://observer.com/2018/06/what-has-jeff-bezos-chosen-to-spend-his-140b-on-we-have-4-guesses |url-status=live}}</ref> Bezos announced in September 2018 that he would commit approximately $2&nbsp;billion to a fund to deal with [[Homelessness in the United States|American homelessness]] and establish a network of non-profit [[preschool]]s for low income communities.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/sep/13/amazon-jeff-bezos-philanthropy-day-one-fund|title=Jeff Bezos to fund schools where 'child will be the customer' with new charity|last=Levin|first=Sam|date=September 13, 2018|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=September 13, 2018|archive-date=September 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913200840/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/sep/13/amazon-jeff-bezos-philanthropy-day-one-fund|url-status=live}}</ref> As part of this announcement, he committed to establishing the "Day 1 Families Fund" to finance "[[Homeless shelter|night shelters]] and [[Child care|day care centers]] for homeless families" and the "Day 1 Academies Fund" for [[early childhood education]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/jeff-bezos-to-create-2-billion-fund-for-homeless-preschools-1536856739|title=Jeff Bezos to Create $2 Billion Fund for Homeless, Preschools|last=Stevens|first=Laura|date=September 13, 2018|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 13, 2018|archive-date=September 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913165532/https://www.wsj.com/articles/jeff-bezos-to-create-2-billion-fund-for-homeless-preschools-1536856739|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2018/09/13/jeff-bezos-amazon-philanthropy-giving-billion-dollar-fund/|title=Jeff Bezos Unveils Multibillion-Dollar Plans For Charitable Giving|last=Au-Yeung|first=Angel|date=September 13, 2018|magazine=Forbes|access-date=September 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913192543/https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelauyeung/2018/09/13/jeff-bezos-amazon-philanthropy-giving-billion-dollar-fund/|archive-date=September 13, 2018}}</ref>

In January 2018, Bezos made a $33&nbsp;million donation to TheDream.US, a college scholarship fund for [[Undocumented youth in the United States|undocumented immigrants brought to the United States as minors]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/01/12/jeff-bezos-donates-33-million-to-scholarship-fund-for-dreamers|title=Jeff Bezos donates $33&nbsp;million to scholarship fund for 'dreamers'|last1=O'Keefe|first1=Ed|last2=Anderson|first2=Nick|date=January 12, 2018|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=January 12, 2018|archive-date=January 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112171541/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2018/01/12/jeff-bezos-donates-33-million-to-scholarship-fund-for-dreamers/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Philanthropy News Digest 2018 scholarship fund for dreamers">{{cite web | title=Bezos Pledges $33 Million for Scholarships for DREAMers | website=Philanthropy News Digest (PND) | date=2024-01-16 | url=https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/news/bezos-pledges-33-million-for-scholarships-for-dreamers | access-date=2024-02-19}}</ref> In June 2018, Bezos donated to [[Breakthrough Energy Ventures]], a private philanthropic fund founded by [[Bill Gates]] aimed at promoting [[Sustainable energy|emissions-free energy]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.geekwire.com/2018/backed-bill-gates-jeff-bezos-breakthrough-energy-ventures-places-first-bets-power-storage|title=Backed by Bill Gates and Jeff Bezos, Breakthrough Energy Ventures places first bets on power storage|last=Boyle|first=Alan|date=June 18, 2018|work=GeekWire|access-date=June 18, 2018|quote=We are committed to doing our part and filling this capital need by coming together in a new coalition. We will form a network of private capital committed to building a structure that will allow informed decisions to help accelerate the change to the advanced energy future our planet needs. Success requires a partnership of increased government research, with a transparent and workable structure to objectively evaluate those projects, and committed private-sector investors willing to support the innovative ideas that come out of the public research pipeline.|archive-date=June 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627091108/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/backed-bill-gates-jeff-bezos-breakthrough-energy-ventures-places-first-bets-power-storage/|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2018, Bezos donated $10&nbsp;million to [[With Honor]], a nonpartisan organization that works to increase the number of veterans in political office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/09/05/technology/jeff-bezos-donation-with-honor/index.html|title=Jeff Bezos donates $10&nbsp;million to organization that helps veterans run for office|last=Goldman|first=David|date=September 5, 2018|website=CNNMoney|access-date=December 17, 2018|archive-date=December 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218043103/https://money.cnn.com/2018/09/05/technology/jeff-bezos-donation-with-honor/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2020, Bezos pledged $10 billion to [[climate change mitigation|combat climate change]] through the Bezos Earth Fund.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/B8rWKFnnQ5c/|title=Instagram a new Bezos Earth Fund|date=February 17, 2020|via=[[Instagram]]|access-date=February 17, 2020|quote=Today, I'm thrilled to announce I am launching the Bezos Earth Fund.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217222952/https://www.instagram.com/p/B8rWKFnnQ5c/|archive-date=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/amazon-founder-bezos-commits-10bn-to-fight-climate-change-11936763|title=Amazon founder Jeff Bezos commits $10bn to fight climate change|publisher=Sky News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217210918/https://news.sky.com/story/amazon-founder-bezos-commits-10bn-to-fight-climate-change-11936763|archive-date=February 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-51539321|title=Jeff Bezos: World's richest man pledges $10bn to fight climate change|work=BBC News|date=February 17, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217210919/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-51539321|archive-date=February 17, 2020}}</ref> Later that year, in November, Bezos announced $791M of donations to established, well-known groups, with $100M each going to [[Environmental Defense Fund]], [[Natural Resources Defense Council]], [[The Nature Conservancy]], [[World Resources Institute]] and [[World Wildlife Fund]], and the remainder going to 11 other groups.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 16, 2020|title=Bezos Earth Fund announces first grants totaling $791M of his $10B pledge to help planet|url=https://www.geekwire.com/2020/bezos-earth-fund-announces-first-grants-totaling-791m-10b-pledge-help-planet/|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=GeekWire|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bezos Earth Fund gives nearly $800 million to climate groups in first round of grants|url=https://phys.org/news/2020-11-bezos-earth-fund-million-climate.html|access-date=March 10, 2021|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Palmer|first=Annie|date=November 16, 2020|title=Jeff Bezos names first recipients of his $10 billion Earth Fund for combating climate change|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/16/jeff-bezos-names-first-recipients-of-his-10-billion-earth-fund.html|access-date=March 10, 2021|publisher=CNBC|language=en}}</ref> In April 2020, early in the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], Bezos donated $100 million to food banks through [[Feeding America]].<ref name=Evelyn /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52209690|title=Twitter boss pledges $1bn for coronavirus relief|work=BBC News|date=April 7, 2020|access-date=April 15, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413111217/https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52209690|archive-date=April 13, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/4/2/21206205/jeff-bezos-100-million-charity-food-banks-feeding-america|title=Why Jeff Bezos's $100 million donation to food banks won't satisfy his critics|website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|language=en|date=April 2, 2020|last=Schleifer|first=Theodore|access-date=April 15, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413021313/https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/4/2/21206205/jeff-bezos-100-million-charity-food-banks-feeding-america|archive-date=April 13, 2020}}</ref> In November 2021, Bezos pledged to donate $2 billion towards restructuring food systems and nature conservation at the [[2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeff Bezos Pledges $2B for Nature Conservation as World Leaders Address Deforestation, Emissions |date=November 2, 2021 |url=https://news.yahoo.com/jeff-bezos-pledges-2b-nature-211448103.html |access-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213193923/https://news.yahoo.com/jeff-bezos-pledges-2b-nature-211448103.html |archive-date=December 13, 2021 |url-status=live |work=[[Yahoo! News]] |first=Jason Duaine |last=Hahn}}</ref>

In July 2021, Bezos announced the [[Courage and Civility Award]] and donated $100 million each to lawyer [[Van Jones]] and chef [[José Andrés]].<ref name="CNN-20210720">{{cite news |last1=Darcy |first1=Oliver |title=Bezos donates $100 million each to CNN contributor Van Jones and chef Jose Andres |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/20/media/van-jones-bezos-100-million/index.html |access-date=March 15, 2024 |work=CNN |date=July 20, 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The next year, he donated $100 million to singer [[Dolly Parton]] in recognition of her charity work focused on improving children's literacy around the world.<ref>{{cite news |title=Country star Dolly Parton gets $100m award from Amazon founder Jeff Bezos |date=November 14, 2022 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-63619512 |access-date=November 14, 2022 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> In March 2024, he donated $50 million each to actress [[Eva Longoria]] and retired admiral [[William H. McRaven|Bill McRaven]].<ref name="trr-20240315">{{cite news |title=Eva Longoria and Bill McRaven Receive $100 Million From Jeff Bezos |url=https://republicreporter.com/2024/03/eva-longoria-and-bill-mcraven-receive-100-million-from-jeff-bezos/ |access-date=March 15, 2024 |work=The Republic Reporter |date=March 15, 2024}}</ref>

Bezos Academy is a group of tuition-free [[preschool]]s for students from [[low-income]] families, which was created by Bezos, and which operate in a manner similar to the [[Montessori]] method (but are not accredited as Montessori schools).<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-free-preschool-bezos-academy-locations-curriculum-eligibility-2022-1 Jeff Bezos's tuition-free preschool is expanding to new locations in Texas and Florida. Here's who's eligible to attend and why Bezos says 'the child will be the customer.'], Business Insider, January 31, 2022</ref> On November 22, 2022, Bezos awarded $123 million to organizations that are engaged in relocating homeless families to permanent housing. Day 1 Families Fund grants, the amounts of which vary in monetary terms, will be sent to 40 organizations across the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/22/business/jeff-bezos-day-1-fund-grants|title=Jeff Bezos announces 40 grants totaling $123 million to combat homelessness|website=CNN|date=November 22, 2022}}</ref>