Editing Islamism (section)

====Shi'ism and Iran====
Twelver Shia Muslim live mainly in a half dozen or so countries scattered around the Middle East and South Asia.{{NoteTag| forming majorities in the countries of Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Azerbaijan,<ref name="Samadov-EAN-2022">{{cite news |last1=Samadov |first1=Bahruz |title=Will new Azerbaijani Islamist movement share the fate of its predecessors? |url=https://eurasianet.org/perspectives-will-new-azerbaijani-islamist-movement-share-the-fate-of-its-predecessors |access-date=27 January 2023 |agency=Eurasia Net |date=18 July 2022 |archive-date=6 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106203650/https://eurasianet.org/perspectives-will-new-azerbaijani-islamist-movement-share-the-fate-of-its-predecessors |url-status=live }}</ref> and substantial minorities in Afghanistan, India, Kuwait, Lebanon, Pakistan, Qatar, Syria, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web |title=Sunnis and Shia: Islam's ancient schism |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-16047709 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=27 January 2023 |date=4 January 2016 |archive-date=11 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011083116/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-16047709 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
The Islamic Republic of Iran has become "the de facto leader"<ref name="Bokhari-2013">{{cite book |last1=Bokhari |first1=Kamran |last2=Senzai |first2=Farid |title=Political Islam in the Age of Democratization |date=2013 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=abstract |doi=10.1057/9781137313492_9 |isbn=9781137313492 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137313492_9 |access-date=27 January 2023 |archive-date=27 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127220152/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137313492_9 |url-status=live }}</ref> of the Shi'i world by virtue of being the largest Shia-majority state, having a long history of national cohesion and Shia-rule, being the site of the first and "only true"<ref name=ORFPI1994:168>[[#ORFPI1994|Roy, ''Failure of Political Islam'', 1994]]: p. 168</ref> [[Iranian Revolution|Islamist revolution]] (see History section below), and having the financial resources of a major petroleum exporter. Iran's influence has spread into a cultural-geographic area of "Irano-Arab Shiism", establishing Iranian regional power,{{NoteTag|" ... the revolutionary Shiite movement, it is the only one to have taken power by way of a true Islamic revolution; it has therefore become identified with the Iranian state, which used it as an instrument in its strategy for gaining regional power, even though the multiplicity of Shiite groups reflects local particularities (in Lebanon, Afghanistan, or Iraq) as much as it does the factional struggles of Tehran."<ref name=ORFPI1994:2>[[#ORFPI1994|Roy, ''Failure of Political Islam'', 1994]]: p. 2</ref>}} supporting "Shia militias and parties beyond its borders",<ref name="BBC"/>{{NoteTag|In the words of pro-Islamic Republic book by Jon Armajani: "Iran's government has attempted to align itself with Shia Muslims in various countries, such as Iraq and Lebanon, [it] ... has attempted to religiously nourish and politically mobilize those Shias as a matter of principle, not only because of the Iranian government's desires to protect Iran from external threats."<ref name="ARMAJANI-2020">{{cite book |last1=ARMAJANI |first1=Jon |title=Shia Islam and Politics Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon |date=2020 |publisher=Lexington Books |page=abstract |url=https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781793621375/Shia-Islam-and-Politics-Iran-Iraq-and-Lebanon |access-date=27 January 2023 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131072639/https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781793621375/Shia-Islam-and-Politics-Iran-Iraq-and-Lebanon |url-status=live }}</ref>}} intertwining assistance to fellow Shi'a with "Iranization" of them.<ref name=ORFPI1994:168/>

Shi'i Islamism in Iran has been influenced by the Sunni Islamists and their organizations,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farhosh-van Loon |first=Diede |date=2016 |title=The Fusion of Mysticism and Politics in Khomeini's Quatrains |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/intejperslite.1.1.0059 |journal=International Journal of Persian Literature |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=59–88 |doi=10.5325/intejperslite.1.1.0059 |jstor=10.5325/intejperslite.1.1.0059 |issn=2376-5739 |access-date=5 June 2022 |archive-date=28 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528095630/https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/intejperslite.1.1.0059 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|Khalaji|2009}} particularly [[Rashid Rida|Sayyid Rashid Rida]],<ref name="Zhongmin 2013 23–28"/> [[Hassan al-Banna]] (founder of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] organization),{{sfn|Khalaji|2009}} [[Sayyid Qutb]],<ref>{{Citation|title=Shaykh al Fawzān Warns Against The Books of Sayyid Quṭb {{!}} Shaykh Ṣāliḥ al Fawzān| date=2 May 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOvKL2-BNIw|access-date=22 April 2021|archive-date=22 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422085022/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOvKL2-BNIw|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Abul A'la Maududi]],<ref name="Fuller-Future-120"/> 
but has also been described as "distinct" from Sunni Muslim Brotherhood Islamism, "more leftist and more clerical",<ref name=ORFPI1994:2/> with its own historical influencers: