Editing Gujarat (section)

=== Language ===

[[File:Language Map of Gujarat (2011 Census).svg|left|thumb|Languages spoken by district<br/>
'''Gujarati'''
{{legend|#ffc4b8|40–50%}}
{{legend|#ff9985|50–60%}}
{{legend|#ff6f52|60–70%}}
{{legend|#ff441f|70–80%}}
{{legend|#eb2700|80–90%}}
{{legend|#cc2200|90–100%}}
'''Bhil languages'''
{{legend|#b78ad1|50–60%}}
]]

[[File:Gujarati Script Sample.svg|thumb|right|[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] written in [[Gujarati alphabet|Gujarati script]]]]
{{Pie chart
|caption=Languages of Gujarat (2011)
|thumb = right
|label1  = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]   |value1  = 85.97 |color1  = skyblue
|label2  = [[Hindi]]                        |value2  = 7.06  |color2  = orange
|label3  = [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]       |value3  = 1.96  |color3  = limegreen
|label4  = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]     |value4  = 1.52  |color4  = red
|label5  = [[Bhili language|Bhili]]         |value5  = 1.37  |color5  = indianred
|label6  = [[Urdu language|Urdu]]           |value6  = 0.79  |color6  = green
|label7  = [[Odia language|Odia]]           |value7  = 0.30  |color7  = brown
|label8  = [[Khandeshi language|Khandeshi]] |value8  = 0.25  |color8  = coral
|label9  = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]     |value9  = 0.13  |color9  = pink
|label10 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]       |value10 = 0.12  |color10 = steelblue
|label11 = Others                           |value11 = 0.52  |color11 = grey
}}

[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] is the official language of the state of Gujarat. An [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]], it is spoken natively by 86% of the state's population, or 52&nbsp;million people (as of 2011). Hindi is the second-most frequently spoken language in the state, being spoken by more than 6% of the population. Marathi also is spoken in urban areas.<ref name="language">{{cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Gujarat |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10212/download/13324/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |access-date=30 January 2023 |archive-date=18 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718113847/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10212/download/13324/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>

People from the Kutch region of Gujarat also speak in the [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]] mother tongue and, to a great extent, understand [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] as well. [[Memoni]] is the mother tongue of Kathiawar and Sindhi Memons, most whom are Muslims.

Almost 88% of the [[Gujarati Muslims]] speak Gujarati as their mother tongue and the remaining 12% speak [[Urdu]]. A sizeable proportion of Gujarati Muslims are bilingual in the two languages. Islamic academic institutions (Darul Uloom) place a high prestige on learning [[Urdu]] and [[Arabic]], with their students memorising the Quran and ''ahadith'', and their emphasising the oral and literary importance of mastering these languages as a compulsory rite of religion.

In rural areas among the tribals, various Bhil dialects are spoken by approximately 1.37% of the population. In the northeast part of the state [[Bhili language|Bhili]] is spoken, in the central part of the state [[Bhili language|Bhili]], [[Bhilali language|Bhilali]], and [[Vasavi language|Vasava]] are spoken, while in the southeast part of the state [[Dhanki language|Dangi]], [[Varli language|Varli]], [[Chodri language|Chodri]], and [[Dhodia-Kukna language|Dhodia]] (which are related to Marathi) are spoken.

Apart from this, English, [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Kannada]], [[Malayalam]], [[Marwari language|Marwari]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], and others are spoken by a considerable number of economic migrants from other states of India who are seeking employment.<ref name="CensusLang2011">{{Cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Gujarat |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10203/download/13315/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2400.XLSX |access-date=6 July 2022 |website=censusindia.gov.in |archive-date=6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706185603/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10203/download/13315/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2400.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>

Under the ''[[three-language formula]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 March 2016 |title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017 |access-date=15 February 2018 |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]] |page=96}}</ref> the languages taught in schools are:

'''First language''': Gujarati/Hindi/English

'''Second language''': Gujarati/English

'''Third language''': Hindi